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Research Article | Open Access

Accelerating Lithium Deposition Kinetics Via Lithiophilic Ag-Decorated Graphitic Carbon Nitride Spheres for Stable Lithium Metal Anode

Hyojun Lim^{¹^,²}, Minsu Choi^³, Haeun Kang^³, Wonchang Choi^³

()

1

Energy Storage Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 5, Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea

2

Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering and Department of Material Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge 02139, Massachusetts, USA

3

Department of Energy Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea

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Abstract

This study presents a novel Li metal host material with a unique hollow nano-spherical structure that incorporates Ag nano-seeds into a graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) shell layer, referred to as g-C₃N₄@Ag hollow spheres. The g-C₃N₄@Ag spheres provide a managed internal site for Li metal encapsulation and promote stable Li plating. The g-C₃N₄ spheres are uniformly coated using polydopamine, which has an adhesive nature, to enhance lithium plating/stripping stability. The strategic presence of Ag nano-seeds eliminates the nucleation barrier, properly directing Li growth within the hollow spheres. This design facilitates highly reversible and consistent lithium deposition, offering a promising direction for the production of high-performance lithium metal anodes. These well-designed g-C₃N₄@Ag hollow spheres ensure stable Li plating/stripping kinetics over more than 500 cycles with a high coulombic efficiency of over 97%. Furthermore, a full cell made using LiNi_0.90Co_0.07Mn_0.03O₂ and Li-g-C₃N₄@Ag host electrodes demonstrated highly competitive performance over 200 cycles, providing a guide for the implementation of this technology in advanced lithium metal batteries.

Keywords

hollow sphere lithiophilic site lithium deposition kinetics lithium metal anode lithium-ion conductor

Electronic Supplementary Material

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eem-8-2-e12830_ESM.docx (4.3 MB)

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Energy & Environmental Materials

Volume 8 Issue 2,
March 2025

DOI: 10.1002/eem2.12830

Cite this article:

Lim H, Choi M, Kang H, et al. Accelerating Lithium Deposition Kinetics Via Lithiophilic Ag-Decorated Graphitic Carbon Nitride Spheres for Stable Lithium Metal Anode. Energy & Environmental Materials, 2025, 8(2). https://doi.org/10.1002/eem2.12830

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