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Original Research | Open Access

Understanding the rapid spread of antimicrobial resistance genes mediated by IS26

Na Tang1,2,Dawei Wei1,2Yuan Zeng1,2Gang Zhang1Chao Wang1Jie Feng1( )Yuqin Song1( )
State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

Editor: Qirong Shen, Nanjing Agricultural University, China

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Abstract

Insertion sequences (ISs) promote the transmission of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) across bacterial populations. However, their contributions and dynamics during the transmission of resistance remain unclear. In this study, we selected IS26 as a representative transposable element to decipher the relationship between ISs and ARGs and to investigate their transfer features and transmission trends. We retrieved 2656 translocatable IS26‐bounded units with ARGs (tIS26‐bUs‐ARGs) in complete bacterial genomes from the NCBI RefSeq database. In total, 124 ARGs spanning 12 classes of antibiotics were detected, and the average contribution rate of IS26 to these genes was 41.2%. We found that IS26‐bounded units (IS26‐bUs) mediated extensive ARG dissemination within the bacteria of the Gammaproteobacteria class, showing strong transfer potential between strains, species, and even phyla. The IS26‐bUs expanded in bacterial populations over time, and their temporal expansion trend was significantly correlated with antibiotic usage. This wide dissemination could be due to the nonspecific target site preference of IS26. Finally, we experimentally confirmed that the introduction of a single copy of IS26 could lead to the formation of a composite transposon mediating the transmission of “passenger” genes. These observations extend our knowledge of the IS26 and provide new insights into the mediating role of ISs in the dissemination of antibiotic resistance.

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mLife
Pages 101-109
Cite this article:
Tang N, Wei D, Zeng Y, et al. Understanding the rapid spread of antimicrobial resistance genes mediated by IS26. mLife, 2024, 3(1): 101-109. https://doi.org/10.1002/mlf2.12114

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Received: 29 December 2023
Accepted: 25 January 2024
Published: 18 March 2024
© 2024 The Authors. mLife published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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