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Research Article

A simple method for differentiating direct and indirect exposure to exhaled contaminants in mechanically ventilated rooms

Chun Chen1,2( ), Bin Zhao3,4, Dayi Lai5, Wei Liu6
Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T. 999077, Hong Kong, China
Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China
Department of Building Science, School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
Beijing Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Quality Evaluation and Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
School of Civil Engineering, ZJU-UIUC, Zhejiang University, Haining 314400, China
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Abstract

Many airborne infectious diseases can be transmitted via exhaled contaminants transported in the air. Direct exposure occurs when the exhaled jet from the infected person directly enters the breathing zone of the target person. Indirect exposure occurs when the contaminants disperse in the room and are inhaled by the target person. This paper presents a simple method for differentiating the direct and indirect exposure to exhaled contaminants in mechanically ventilated rooms. Experimental data for 191 cases were collected from the literature. After analyzing the data, a simple method was developed to differentiate direct and indirect exposure in mixing and displacement ventilated rooms. The proposed method correctly differentiated direct and indirect exposure for 120 out of the 133 mixing ventilation cases and 47 out of the 58 displacement ventilation cases. Therefore, the proposed method is suitable for use at the early design stage to quickly assess whether there will be direct exposure to exhaled contaminants in a mechanically ventilated room.

Keywords

ventilationindoor environmentparticlesnon-isothermal jetdroplets

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Building Simulation
Volume 11 Issue 5,
October 2018
Pages 1039-1051
DOI: 10.1007/s12273-018-0441-0
Cite this article:
Chen C, Zhao B, Lai D, et al. A simple method for differentiating direct and indirect exposure to exhaled contaminants in mechanically ventilated rooms. Building Simulation, 2018, 11(5): 1039-1051. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12273-018-0441-0
Part of a topical collection:
Ventilation, Simulation and Infectious Disease Control in Built Environment

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Received: 07 December 2017
Revised: 24 February 2018
Accepted: 28 February 2018
Published: 17 March 2018
© Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2018
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