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Research Article

The impacts of evaluation indices and normalization methods on E-TOPSIS optimization of return vent height for an impinging jet ventilation system

Chao Qin1, Shi-Hai Wu1,2, Hong-Qiang Fang1, Wei-Zhen Lu1()
Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
School of Architecture and Art, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Abstract

Stratified air distribution (STRAD) systems have been intensively investigated in recent decades for their energy-saving potential and good indoor air quality performance. However, the evaluation indices used to optimize STRAD systems and the normalization methods for weight calculation vary from one research to another. This study aims to investigate the impacts of evaluation indices on the optimal return vent height of a room cooled by an impinging jet ventilation system (one type of STRAD system). The effects of several widely used normalization methods (i.e., vector normalization, sum normalization, min-max normalization, and no normalization) on indices weights are investigated. The evaluation indices are cooling coil load (Qcoil), energy-saving potential (ΔQcoil), mean age of air (MAA), CO2 mass fraction, temperature difference between the head and ankles (ΔT0.1-1.1), predicted mean vote (PMV), predicted percentage of dissatisfied (PPD), and draft rate (DR). The multi-criteria optimization method is the entropy-based technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (E-TOPSIS). As a result, the min-max normalization method evens the weight of each index and results in unreasonable relative weights. Consequently, the raw matrix (i.e., the normalization is omitted) is suggested for weight calculation. Among these indices, ΔT0.1-1.1 and PPD play critical roles. Without ΔT0.1-1.1, the optimal return vent height changes from mid-level to near-floor, while without PPD, it changes to near-ceiling. Another important result is that the Qcoil plays the most trivial role, followed by MAA and DR. Therefore, the optimal return vent height is not determined by energy-saving performance but by performances of thermal comfort.

Keywords

evaluation indicesnormalization methodimpinging jet ventilationreturn vent heightE-TOPSIS

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Building Simulation
Volume 15 Issue 12,
December 2022
Pages 2081-2095
DOI: 10.1007/s12273-022-0914-z
Cite this article:
Qin C, Wu S-H, Fang H-Q, et al. The impacts of evaluation indices and normalization methods on E-TOPSIS optimization of return vent height for an impinging jet ventilation system. Building Simulation, 2022, 15(12): 2081-2095. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12273-022-0914-z
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