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Research Article

Microporous bamboo biochar for lithium-sulfur batteries

Xingxing Gu1, Yazhou Wang1, Chao Lai1, Jingxia Qiu1, Sheng Li1, Yanglong Hou2( ), Wayde Martens3, Nasir Mahmood2, Shanqing Zhang1( )
Centre for Clean Environment and EnergyEnvironmental Futures Research InstituteGriffith School of EnvironmentGold Coast CampusGriffith UniversityGold CoastQLD4222Australia
Department of Materials Science and EngineeringCollege of EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing100871China
Science and Engineering FacultyQueensland University of TechnologyGold CoastQLD4001Australia
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Abstract

Being simple, inexpensive, scalable and environmentally friendly, microporous biomass biochars have been attracting enthusiastic attention for application in lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries. Herein, porous bamboo biochar is activated via a KOH/annealing process that creates a microporous structure, boosts surface area and enhances electronic conductivity. The treated sample is used to encapsulate sulfur to prepare a microporous bamboo carbon-sulfur (BC-S) nanocomposite for use as the cathode for Li-S batteries for the first time. The BC-S nanocomposite with 50 wt.% sulfur content delivers a high initial capacity of 1, 295 mA·h/g at a low discharge rate of 160 mA/g and high capacity retention of 550 mA·h/g after 150 cycles at a high discharge rate of 800 mA/g with excellent coulombic efficiency (≥95%). This suggests that the BC-S nanocomposite could be a promising cathode material for Li-S batteries.

Keywords

biocharslithium-sulfur batteriesmicroporous structurebamboo carbon-sulfur composites

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Nano Research
Volume 8 Issue 1,
January 2015
Pages 129-139
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-014-0601-1
Cite this article:
Gu X, Wang Y, Lai C, et al. Microporous bamboo biochar for lithium-sulfur batteries. Nano Research, 2015, 8(1): 129-139. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-014-0601-1
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Received: 07 August 2014
Revised: 07 September 2014
Accepted: 01 October 2014
Published: 07 November 2014
© Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014
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