AI Chat Paper
Discover the SciOpen Platform and Achieve Your Research Goals with Ease.
Search articles, authors, keywords, DOl and etc.
{{expandStatus?'Exit ':''}}Advanced Search
The power conversion efficiency of organometallic perovskite-based solar cells has skyrocketed in recent years. Intensive efforts have been made to prepare high-quality perovskite films tailored to various device configurations. Planar heterojunction devices have achieved record efficiencies; however, the preparation of perovskite films for planar junction devices requires the use of expensive vacuum facilities and/or the fine control of experimental conditions. Here, we demonstrate a facile preparation of perovskite films using solid-state chemistry. Solid-state precursor thin films of CH3NH3I and PbI2 are brought into contact with each other and allowed to react via thermally accelerated diffusion. The resulting perovskite film displays good optical absorption and a smooth morphology. Solar cells based on these films show an average efficiency of 8.7% and a maximum efficiency of 10%. The solid-state synthesis of organometallic perovskite can also be carried out on flexible plastic substrates. Using this method on a PET/ITO substrate produces devices with an efficiency of 3.2%. Unlike existing synthetic methods for organometallic perovskite films, the solid-state reaction method does not require the use of orthogonal solvents or careful adjustment of reaction conditions, and thus shows good potential for mass production in the future.
Im, J. -H.; Lee, C. -R.; Lee, J. -W.; Park, S. -W.; Park, N. -G. 6.5% efficient perovskite quantum-dot-sensitized solar cell. Nanoscale 2011, 3, 4088–4093.
Lee, M. M.; Teuscher, J.; Miyasaka, T.; Murakami, T. N.; Snaith, H. J. Efficient hybrid solar cells based on meso- superstructured organometal halide perovskites. Science 2012, 338, 643–647.
Etgar, L.; Gao, P.; Xue, Z. S.; Peng, Q.; Chandiran, A. K.; Liu, B.; Nazeeruddin, M. K.; Grätzel, M. Mesoscopic CH3NH3PbI3/TiO2 heterojunction solar cells. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, 17396–17399.
Noh, J. H.; Jeon, N. J.; Choi, Y. C.; Nazeeruddin, M. K.; Grätzel, M.; Seok, S. I. Nanostructured TiO2/CH3NH3PbI3 heterojunction solar cells employing spiro-OMeTAD/co- complex as hole-transporting material. J. Mater. Chem. A 2013, 1, 11842–11847.
Bai, S.; Wu, Z. W.; Wu, X. J.; Jin, Y. Z.; Zhao, N.; Chen, Z. H.; Mei, Q. Q.; Wang, X.; Ye, Z. Z.; Song, T.; et al. High- performance planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells: Preserving long charge carrier diffusion lengths and interfacial engineering. Nano Res. 2014, 12, 1749–1758.
Zhou, H. P.; Chen, Q.; Li, G.; Luo, S.; Song, T. -B.; Duan, H. -S.; Hong, Z. R.; You, J. B.; Liu, Y. S.; Yang, Y. Interface engineering of highly efficient perovskite solar cells. Science 2014, 345, 542–546.
Stranks, S. D.; Eperon, G. E.; Grancini, G.; Menelaou, C.; Alcocer, M. J. P.; Leijtens, T.; Herz, L. M.; Petrozza, A.; Snaith, H. J. Electron-hole diffusion lengths exceeding 1 micrometer in an organometal trihalide perovskite absorber. Science 2013, 342, 341–344.
Xing, G. H.; Mathews, N.; Sun, S. Y.; Lim, S. S.; Lam, Y. M.; Graetzel, M.; Mhaisalkar, S.; Sum, T. C. Long-range balanced electron- and hole-transport lengths in organic- inorganic CH3NH3PbI3. Science 2013, 342, 344–347.
Shockley, W.; Queisser, H. J. Detailed balance limit of efficiency of p–n junction solar cells. J. Appl. Phys. 1961, 32, 510–519.
Docampo, P.; Ball, J. M.; Darwich, M.; Eperon, G. E.; Snaith, H. J. Efficient organometal trihalide perovskite planar- heterojunction solar cells on flexible polymer substrates. Nat. Commun. 2013, 4, 2761.
Kim, H. -S.; Im, S. H.; Park, N. -G. Organolead halide perovskite: New horizons in solar cell research. J. Phys. Chem. C 2014, 118, 5615–5625.
Liang, P. -W.; Liao, C. -Y.; Chueh, C. -C.; Zuo, F.; Williams, S. T.; Xin, X. -K.; Lin, J.; Jen, A. K. Y. Additive enhanced crystallization of solution-processed perovskite for highly efficient planar-heterojunction solar cells. Adv. Mater. 2014, 26, 3748–3754.
Eperon, G. E.; Burlakov, V. M.; Docampo, P.; Goriely, A.; Snaith, H. J. Morphological control for high performance, solution-processed planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2014, 24, 151–157.
Dualeh, A.; Tetreault, N.; Moehl, T.; Gao, P.; Nazeeruddin, M. K.; Grätzel, M. Effect of annealing temperature on film morphology of organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite solid- state solar cells. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2014, 24, 3250–3258.
Chen, Q.; Zhou, H. P.; Hong, Z. R.; Luo, S.; Duan, H. -S.; Wang, H. -H.; Liu, Y. S.; Li, G.; Yang, Y. Planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells via vapor-assisted solution process. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2014, 136, 622–625.
Liu, M. Z.; Johnston, M. B.; Snaith, H. J. Efficient planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells by vapour deposition. Nature 2013, 501, 395–398.
Liu, D. Y.; Kelly, T. L. Perovskite solar cells with a planar heterojunction structure prepared using room-temperature solution processing techniques. Nat. Photonics 2014, 8, 133–138.
Burschka, J.; Pellet, N.; Moon, S. -J.; Humphry-Baker, R.; Gao, P.; Nazeeruddin, M. K.; Grätzel, M. Sequential deposition as a route to high-performance perovskite- sensitized solar cells. Nature 2013, 499, 316–319.
Jeon, N. J.; Noh, J. H.; Kim, Y. C.; Yang, W. S.; Ryu, S.; Seok, S. I. Solvent engineering for high-performance inorganic-organic hybrid perovskite solar cells. Nat. Mater. 2014, 13, 897–903.
Yu, Y. -Y.; Chiang, R. -S.; Hsu, H. -L.; Yang, C. -C.; Chen, C. -P. Perovskite photovoltaics featuring solution-processable TiO2 as an interfacial electron-transporting layer display to improve performance and stability. Nanoscale 2014, 6, 11403–11410.
Nikitine, S.; Ringeissen, J.; Schmittb, J.; Biellmann, J. Etude spectrophotomètriquedes raies du spectre excitonique ordinaire de PbI2 A 4, 2oK. J. Phys. Chem. Solids 1964, 25, 951–960.
Gähwiller, C.; Harbeke, G. Excitonic effects in theelectroreflectance of lead iodide. Phys. Rev. 1969, 185, 1141– 1149.
Kim, H. -S.; Lee, C. -R.; Im, J. -H.; Lee, K. -B.; Moehl, T.; Marchioro, A.; Moon, S. -J.; Humphry-Baker, R.; Yum, J. -H.; Moser, J. E.; et al. Lead iodide perovskite sensitized all-solid-state submicron thin film mesoscopic solar cell with efficiency exceeding 9%. Sci. Rep. 2012, 2, 591.
Ha, S. T.; Liu, X. F.; Zhang, Q.; Giovanni, D.; Sum, T. C.; Xiong, Q. H. Synthesis of organic–inorganic lead halide perovskite nanoplatelets: Towards high-performance perovskite solar cells and optoelectronic devices. Adv. Opt. Mater. 2014, 2, 838-844.
Dennler, G.; Scharber, M. C.; Brabec, C. J. Polymer- fullerene bulk-heterojunction solar cells. Adv. Mater. 2009, 21, 1323–1338.
Zhang, Q.; Wan, X. J.; Xing, F.; Huang, L.; Long, G. K.; Yi, N. B.; Ni, W.; Liu, Z. B.; Tian, J. G.; Chen, Y. S. Solution- processable graphene mesh transparent electrodes for organic solar cells. Nano Res. 2013, 6, 478–484.
Xiao, Z. G.; Bi, C.; Shao, Y. C.; Dong, Q. F.; Wang, Q.; Yuan, Y. B.; Wang, C. G.; Gao, Y. L.; Huang, J. S. Efficient, highyield perovskite photovoltaic devices grown by interdiffusion of solution-processed precursor stacking layers. Energy Environ. Sci. 2014, 7, 2619–2623.
Sun, S. Y.; Salim, T.; Mathews, N.; Duchamp, M.; Boothroyd, C.; Xing, G. C.; Sum, T. C.; Lam, Y. M. The origin of high efficiency in low-temperature solution-processable bilayer organometal halide hybrid solar cells. Energy Environ. Sci. 2014, 7, 399–407.
Kim, H. -B.; Choi, H.; Jeong, J.; Kim, S.; Walker, B.; Song, S.; Kim, J. Y. Mixed solvents for the optimization of morphology in solution-processed, inverted-type perovskite/fullerene hybrid solar cells. Nanoscale 2014, 6, 6679–6683.
Hsu, H. -L.; Chen, C. -P.; Chang, J. -Y.; Yu, Y. -Y.; Shen, Y. -K. Two-step thermal annealing improves the morphology of spin-coated films for highly efficient perovskite hybrid photovoltaics. Nanoscale 2014, 6, 10281–10288.
Caballero, R.; Guillen, C. Comparative studies between Cu–Ga–Se and Cu–In–Se thin film systems. Thin Solid Films 2002, 403, 107–111.
京公网安备11010802044758号