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Research Article

Facile synthesis of yolk-shell Ni@void@SnO2(Ni3Sn2) ternary composites via galvanic replacement/Kirkendall effect and their enhanced microwave absorption properties

Biao Zhao1,2( ), Xiaoqin Guo1,2, Wanyu Zhao3, Jiushuai Deng4, Bingbing Fan3, Gang Shao3, Zhongyi Bai1,2, Rui Zhang1,3( )
Provincial Key Laboratory of Aviation Materials and Application Technology,Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics,Zhengzhou,450046,China;
School of Mechatronics Engineering,Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics,Zhengzhou,450046,China;
School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou,450001,China;
State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization,Faculty of Land Resource Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming,650093,China;
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Graphical Abstract

Abstract

Yolk-shell ternary composites composed of a Ni sphere core and a SnO2(Ni3Sn2) shell were successfully prepared by a facile two-step method. The size, morphology, microstructure, and phase purity of the resulting composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution TEM, selected-area electron diffraction, and powder X-ray diffraction. The core sizes, interstitial void volumes, and constituents of the yolk-shell structures varied by varying the reaction time. A mechanism based on the time-dependent experiments was proposed for the formation of the yolk-shell structures. The yolk-shell structures were formed by a synergistic combination of an etching reaction, a galvanic replacement reaction, and the Kirkendall effect. The yolk-shell ternary SnO2 (Ni3Sn2)@Ni composites synthesized at a reaction time of 15 h showed excellent microwave absorption properties. The reflection loss was found to be as low as -43 dB at 6.1 GHz. The enhanced microwave absorption properties may be attributed to the good impedance match, multiple reflections, the scattering owing to the voids between the core and the shell, and the effective complementarities between the dielectric loss and the magnetic loss. Thus, the yolk-shell ternary composites are expected to be promising candidates for microwave absorption applications, lithium ion batteries, and photocatalysis.

Keywords

microwave absorptiongalvanic replacementyolk-shellKirkendall effectNi@void@SnO2(Ni3Sn2)

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Nano Research
Volume 10 Issue 1,
January 2017
Pages 331-343
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-016-1295-3
Cite this article:
Zhao B, Guo X, Zhao W, et al. Facile synthesis of yolk-shell Ni@void@SnO2(Ni3Sn2) ternary composites via galvanic replacement/Kirkendall effect and their enhanced microwave absorption properties. Nano Research, 2017, 10(1): 331-343. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-016-1295-3
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Received: 15 July 2016
Revised: 06 September 2016
Accepted: 24 September 2016
Published: 07 November 2016
© Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2016
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