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Research Article

Tungsten diselenide nanoplates as advanced lithium/sodium ion electrode materials with different storage mechanisms

Wanfeng Yang1, Jiawei Wang2, Conghui Si1, Zhangquan Peng2( ), Zhonghua Zhang1( )
Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education) School of Materials Science and Engineering Shandong University, Jingshi Road 17923Jinan 250061 China
State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130022 China
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Abstract

Transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) exhibit immense potential as lithium/ sodium-ion electrode materials owing to their sandwich-like layered structures. To optimize their lithium/sodium-storage performance, two issues should be addressed: fundamentally understanding the chemical reaction occurring in TMD electrodes and developing novel TMDs. In this study, WSe2 hexagonal nanoplates were synthesized as lithium/sodium-ion battery (LIB/SIB) electrode materials. For LIBs, the WSe2-nanoplate electrodes achieved a stable reversible capacity and a high rate capability, as well as an ultralong cycle life of up to 1,500 cycles at 1,000 mA·g–1. Most importantly, in situ Raman spectroscopy, ex situ X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements performed during the discharge–charge process clearly verified the reversible conversion mechanism, which can be summarized as follows: WSe2 + 4Li+ + 4e– ↔ W + 2Li2Se. The WSe2 nanoplates also exhibited excellent cycling performance and a high rate capability as SIB electrodes. Ex situ XRD and Raman spectroscopy results demonstrate that WSe2 reacted with Na+ more easily and thoroughly than with Li+ and converted to Na2Se and tungsten in the 1st sodiated state. The subsequent charging reaction can be expressed as Na2Se → Se + 2Na+ + 2e–, which differs from the traditional conversion mechanism for LIBs. To our knowledge, this is the first systematic exploration of the lithium/sodium-storage performance of WSe2 and the mechanism involved.

Keywords

lithium/sodium ion battery anodesWSe2 nanoplatesX-ray diffractionlithium/sodium storage mechanisms

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Nano Research
Volume 10 Issue 8,
August 2017
Pages 2584-2598
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-017-1460-3
Cite this article:
Yang W, Wang J, Si C, et al. Tungsten diselenide nanoplates as advanced lithium/sodium ion electrode materials with different storage mechanisms. Nano Research, 2017, 10(8): 2584-2598. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-017-1460-3

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Received: 29 November 2016
Revised: 29 December 2016
Accepted: 01 January 2017
Published: 29 March 2017
© Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2017
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