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Research Article

Understanding the structural evolution and Na+ kinetics in honeycomb-ordered O′3-Na3Ni2SbO6 cathodes

Peng-Fei Wang1,2, Hu-Rong Yao1,2, Ya You1,2, Yong-Gang Sun1,2, Ya-Xia Yin1,2( ), Yu-Guo Guo1,2( )
Chinese Academy of Science (CAS) Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and NanotechnologyBeijing National Laboratory for Molecular ScienceCAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
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Abstract

The development of new sodium ion battery (SIB) cathodes with satisfactory performance requires an in-depth understanding of their structure-function relationships, to rationally design better electrode materials. In this work, highly ordered, honeycomb-layered Na3Ni2SbO6 was prepared to elucidate the structural evolution and Na+ kinetics during electrochemical desodiation/sodiation processes. Structural analysis involving in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction (XRD) experiments, electrochemical performance measurements, and electrochemical characterization (galvanostatic intermittent titration technique, GITT) methods were used to obtain new insights into the reaction mechanism controlling the (de)intercalation of sodium into the host Na3-xNi2SbO6 structure. Two phase transitions occur (initial O′3 phase → intermediate P′3 phase → final O1 phase) upon Na+ extraction; the partial irreversible O′3-P′3 phase transition is responsible for the insufficient cycling stability. The fast Na+ mobility (average 10–12 cm2·s–1) in the interlayer, high equilibrium voltage (3.27 V), and low voltage polarization (50 mV) establish the linkage between kinetic advantage and a good rate performance of the cathode. These new findings provide deep insight into the reaction mechanism operating in the honeycomb cathode; the present approach could be also extended to investigate other materials for SIBs.

Keywords

sodium-ion batteries (SIB)cathodehoneycomb-orderedstructural evolutionNa+ kinetics

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Nano Research
Volume 11 Issue 6,
June 2018
Pages 3258-3271
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-017-1863-1
Cite this article:
Wang P-F, Yao H-R, You Y, et al. Understanding the structural evolution and Na+ kinetics in honeycomb-ordered O′3-Na3Ni2SbO6 cathodes. Nano Research, 2018, 11(6): 3258-3271. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-017-1863-1
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Received: 04 September 2017
Revised: 18 September 2017
Accepted: 21 September 2017
Published: 22 May 2018
© Tsinghua University Press and Springer‐Verlag GmbH Germany 2017
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