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Research Article

Amorphous red phosphorus anchored on carbon nanotubes as high performance electrodes for lithium ion batteries

Li Sun( ), Yu Zhang, Deyang Zhang, Jingang Liu, Yihe Zhang( )
Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid WastesNational Laboratory of Mineral MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and TechnologyChina University of GeosciencesBeijing100083China
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Graphical Abstract

Abstract

Red phosphorus-carbon nanotube (P@CNT) composites were synthesized as anodes for advanced lithium ion batteries via a facile solution-based method at room temperature. In these composites, the entangled P@CNT nanostructure reduced the aggregation of both components and allowed their complete utilization in a synergetic manner. The highly conductive and porous CNT framework, along with the nanoscale red P particles intimately anchored on the CNT surface, conferred the composite with excellent ion/electron transport properties. Volume expansion within the red P particles was mitigated by their amorphous and nanoscale features, which can be well buffered by the soft CNTs, therefore maintaining an integrated electrode structure during cycling. When used as an anode in lithium ion batteries, the composite exhibited a reversible capacity of 960 mAh·g-1 (based on the overall weight of the composite) after 120 cycles at 200 mA·g-1. The composite also delivered excellent high-rate capability with capacities of 886, 847, and 784 mAh·g-1 at current densities of 2, 000, 4, 000, and 10, 000 mA·g-1, respectively, which reveals its potential as a high performance anode for lithium ion batteries.

Keywords

red phosphoruscarbon nanotubesanodelithium ion battery

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Nano Research
Volume 11 Issue 5,
May 2018
Pages 2733-2745
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-017-1903-x
Cite this article:
Sun L, Zhang Y, Zhang D, et al. Amorphous red phosphorus anchored on carbon nanotubes as high performance electrodes for lithium ion batteries. Nano Research, 2018, 11(5): 2733-2745. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-017-1903-x

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Received: 11 September 2017
Revised: 12 October 2017
Accepted: 25 October 2017
Published: 12 May 2018
© Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany 2017
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