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Review Article

Inorganic nanoparticles and the microbiome

Kunyu Qiu§Phillip G. Durham§Aaron C. Anselmo( )
Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular PharmaceuticsEshelman School of PharmacyUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC27599USA

§Kunyu Qiu and Phillip G. Durham contributed equally to this work.

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Graphical Abstract

Abstract

Routine exposure to inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) that are incorporated into consumer products such as foods/drinks, packaging materials, pharmaceuticals, and personal care products (e.g. cosmetics, sunscreens, shampoos) occurs on a daily basis. The standard everyday use of these products facilitates interactions between the incorporated inorganic NPs, mammalian tissues (e.g. skin, gastrointestinal tract, oral cavity), and the community of microbes that resides on these tissues. Changes to the microbiome have been linked to the initiation/ progression of many diseases and there is a growing interest focused on understanding how inorganic NPs can initiate these changes. As these mechanisms are revealed and defined, it may be possible to rationally design microbiota- modulating therapies based on inorganic NPs. In this article, we will: (i) provide a background on inorganic NPs that are commonly found in consumer products such as those that incorporate titanium, zinc, silver, silica, or iron, (ii) discuss how NP properties, microbiota composition, and the physiological microenvironment can mediate the effects that inorganic NPs have on the microbiota, and (iii) highlight opportunities for inorganic NP therapies that are designed to interact with, and navigate, the microbiome.

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Nano Research
Pages 4936-4954
Cite this article:
Qiu K, Durham PG, Anselmo AC. Inorganic nanoparticles and the microbiome. Nano Research, 2018, 11(10): 4936-4954. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-018-2137-2
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Received: 07 April 2018
Revised: 17 June 2018
Accepted: 22 June 2018
Published: 13 July 2018
© Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2018
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