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Research Article

Polygonal multi-polymorphed Li4Ti5O12@rutile TiO2 as anodes in lithium-ion batteries

Chang Hyun Hwang1,§, Hee-eun Kim1,§, Inho Nam2( ), Jin Ho Bang1,3( )
Department of Bionano Technology, Hanyang University,55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan,Gyeonggi-do,15588,Republic of Korea;
School of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science,Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu,Seoul,06974,Republic of Korea;
Department of Chemical and Molecular Engineering,Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan,Gyeonggi-do,15588,Republic of Korea;

§ Chang Hyun Hwang and Hee-eun Kim contributed equally to this work.

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Graphical Abstract

Abstract

Li4Ti5O12 (LTO) has attracted considerable attention in lithium-ion battery (LIB) applications because of its favorable characteristics as an anode material. Despite its promise, the widespread use of LTO is still limited primarily due to its intrinsically poor electric and ionic conductivities and high surface reactivity. To address these issues, we designed polygonal nanoarchitectures composed of various Li–Ti oxide crystal polymorphs by a facile synthesis route. Depending on the pH condition, this synthesis approach yields multi-polymorphed Li–Ti oxides where the interior is dominantly composed of a Li-rich phase and the exterior is a Li-deficient (or Li-free) phase. As one of these variations, a polygonal LTO-rutile TiO2 structure is formed. The rutile TiO2 on the surface of this LTO composite significantly improves the kinetics of Li+ insertion/extraction because the channel along the c-axis in TiO2 provides a Li+ highway due to the significantly low energy barrier for Li+ diffusion. Moreover, the presence of rutile TiO2, which is less reactive with a carbonate-based electrolyte, ensures long-term stability by suppressing the undesirable interfacial reaction on LTO.

Keywords

micro-polygon structureLi-Ti oxide multi-polymorphsLi4Ti5O12@rutile TiO2anodelithium-ion batteries

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Nano Research
Volume 12 Issue 4,
April 2019
Pages 897-904
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-019-2320-0
Cite this article:
Hwang CH, Kim H-e, Nam I, et al. Polygonal multi-polymorphed Li4Ti5O12@rutile TiO2 as anodes in lithium-ion batteries. Nano Research, 2019, 12(4): 897-904. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-019-2320-0
Topics:
AnodesElectrolytesIonsLithium compoundsOxide mineralsTitanium Dioxide

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Received: 21 August 2018
Revised: 20 January 2019
Accepted: 29 January 2019
Published: 06 March 2019
© Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019
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