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Research Article

High temperature performance of coaxial h-BN/CNT wires above 1, 000 ℃: Thermionic electron emission and thermally activated conductivity

Xinhe Yang1, Peng Liu1( ), Duanliang Zhou1, Feng Gao2, Xinhe Wang3, Shiwei Lv1, Zi Yuan1, Xiang Jin1, Wei Zhao1, Haoming Wei1, Lina Zhang1, Jiandong Gao2, Qunqing Li1, Shoushan Fan1, Kaili Jiang1( )
State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics,Department of Physics and Tsinghua-Foxconn Nanotechnology Research Center, Tsinghua University,Beijing,100084,China;
Yantai HeFuXiang Ceramics Co.,Ltd,Yantai,265205,China;
Fert Beijing Research Institute,School of Microelectronics and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data and Brain Computing (BDBC), Beihang University,Beijing,100191,China;
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Abstract

The development of wires and cables that can tolerate extremely high temperatures will be very important for probing extreme environments, such as in solar exploration, fire disasters, high-temperature materials processing, aeronautics and astronautics. In this paper, a lightweight high-temperature coaxial h-boron nitride (BN)/carbon nanotube (CNT) wire is synthesized by the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) epitaxial growth of h-BN on CNT yarn. The epitaxially grown h-BN acts as both an insulating material and a jacket that protects against oxidation. It has been shown that the thermionic electron emission (1, 200 K) and thermally activated conductivity (1, 000 K) are two principal mechanisms for insulation failure of h-BN at high temperatures. The thermionic emission of h-BN can provide the work function of h-BN, which ranges from 4.22 to 4.61 eV in the temperature range of 1, 306Ƀ1, 787 K. The change in the resistivity of h-BN with temperature follows the ohmic conduction model of an insulator, and it can provide the pelectron activation energyq (the energy from the Fermi level to the conduction band of h-BN), which ranges from 2.79 to 3.08 eV, corresponding to a band gap for h-BN ranging from 5.6 to 6.2 eV. However, since the leakage current is very small, both phenomena have no obvious influence on the signal transmission at the working temperature. This lightweight coaxial h-BN/CNT wire can tolerate 1, 200 ℃ in air and can transmit electrical signals as normal. It is hoped that this lightweight high-temperature wire will open up new possibilities for a wide range of applications in extreme high-temperature conditions.

Keywords

high temperature wirecarbon nanotube (CNT)h-boron nitride (h-BN)work functionbandgap

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Nano Research
Volume 12 Issue 8,
August 2019
Pages 1855-1861
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-019-2447-z
Cite this article:
Yang X, Liu P, Zhou D, et al. High temperature performance of coaxial h-BN/CNT wires above 1, 000 ℃: Thermionic electron emission and thermally activated conductivity. Nano Research, 2019, 12(8): 1855-1861. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-019-2447-z
Topics:
Activation energyCarbon nanotubesChemical vapor depositionEnergy gapIIINanowiresNitridesV semiconductors

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Received: 21 April 2019
Revised: 23 May 2019
Accepted: 24 May 2019
Published: 07 June 2019
© Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019
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