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Research Article

3D uniform nitrogen-doped carbon skeleton for ultra-stable sodium metal anode

Ben Liu1,§, Danni Lei2,§, Jin Wang1, Qingfei Zhang1, Yinggan Zhang1, Wei He1, Hongfei Zheng1, Baisheng Sa3, Qingshui Xie1, Dong-Liang Peng1, Baihua Qu1()
Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Fujian Key Laboratory of Materials Genome, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen (Zhongshan) University, Guangzhou 510275, China
Multiscale Computational Materials Facility, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350100, China

§ Ben Liu and Danni Lei contributed equally to this paper.

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Abstract

Sodium metal batteries are arousing extensive interest owing to their high energy density, low cost and wide resource. However, the practical development of sodium metal batteries is inherently plagued by the severe volume expansion and the dendrite growth of sodium metal anode during long cycles under high current density. Herein, a simple electrospinning method is applied to construct the uniformly nitrogen-doped porous carbon fiber skeleton and used as three-dimensional (3D) current collector for sodium metal anode, which has high specific surface area (1,098 m2/g) and strong binding to sodium metal. As a result, nitrogen-doped carbon fiber current collector shows a low sodium deposition overpotential and a highly stable cyclability for 3,500 h with a high coulombic effciency of 99.9% at 2 mA/cm2 and 2 mAh/cm2. Moreover, the full cells using carbon coated sodium vanadium phosphate as cathode and sodium pre-plated nitrogen-doped carbon fiber skeleton as hybrid anode can stably cycle for 300 times. These results illustrate an effective strategy to construct a 3D uniformly nitrogen-doped carbon skeleton based sodium metal hybrid anode without the formation of dendrites, which provide a prospect for further development and research of high performance sodium metal batteries.

Keywords

sodium metal anodeporous carbon skeletonnitrogen-dopingsodium affinityultra-stable cyclability

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Nano Research
Volume 13 Issue 8,
August 2020
Pages 2136-2142
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-020-2820-y
Cite this article:
Liu B, Lei D, Wang J, et al. 3D uniform nitrogen-doped carbon skeleton for ultra-stable sodium metal anode. Nano Research, 2020, 13(8): 2136-2142. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-020-2820-y
Topics:
AnodesCarbon fibers Doping (additives)Electric batteries MetalsNitrogenPorous materialsVanadium compounds
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