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Research Article

Polymer matrix mediated solvation of LiNO3 in carbonate electrolytes for quasi-solid high-voltage lithium metal batteries

Zijian Wang, Kai Yang, Yongli Song, Hai Lin, Ke Li, Yanhui Cui, Luyi Yang( ), Feng Pan( )
School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
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Abstract

Lithium (Li) metal is one of the most promising anodes for next-generation energy storage systems. However, the Li dendrite formation and unstable solid-electrolyte interface (SEI) have hindered its further application. Lithium nitrate (LiNO3) is extensively used as an effective electrolyte additive in ether-based electrolytes to improve the stability of lithium metal. Nevertheless, it is rarely utilized in carbonate electrolytes due to its low solubility. Here, a novel gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) consisting of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) with LiNO3 additive is proposed to solve this issue. In this GPE, polyether-based PEO serves as a matrix for dissolving LiNO3 which can be decomposed into a fast Li-ion conductor (Li3N) in conventional carbonate electrolytes to enhance the stability and Li+ conductivity of the SEI film. As a result, dendrite formation is effectively suppressed, and a significantly improved average Coulombic efficiency (CE) of 97.2% in Li-Cu cell is achieved. By using this novel GPE coupled with Li anode and LiNi0.5Mn0.3Co0.2O2 (NMC532), excellent capacity retention of 94.1% and high average CE of over 99.2% are obtained after 200 cycles at 0.5 C. This work presents fresh insight into practical modification strategies on high-voltage Li metal batteries.

Keywords

Li anodegel polymer electrolytelithium nitrateLi dendriteelectrolyte additives

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Nano Research
Volume 13 Issue 9,
September 2020
Pages 2431-2437
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-020-2871-0
Cite this article:
Wang Z, Yang K, Song Y, et al. Polymer matrix mediated solvation of LiNO3 in carbonate electrolytes for quasi-solid high-voltage lithium metal batteries. Nano Research, 2020, 13(9): 2431-2437. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-020-2871-0
Topics:
AnodesCopper alloysEsters Fluorine compoundsIon batteriesLithiumLithium compoundsManganese compoundsMetalsNickel compounds

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Received: 01 March 2020
Revised: 17 April 2020
Accepted: 10 May 2020
Published: 25 June 2020
© Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
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