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Research Article

In vitro study of enhanced photodynamic cancer cell killing effect by nanometer-thick gold nanosheets

Ziyi Zhang1,§, Dalong Ni2,3,§, Fei Wang1, Xin Yin1, Shreya Goel2, Lazarus N. German1, Yizhan Wang1, Jun Li1, Weibo Cai2,3( ), Xudong Wang1( )
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, USA
University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, USA

§ Ziyi Zhang and Dalong Ni contributed equally to this work.

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Graphical Abstract

Abstract

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) by near-infrared (NIR) irradiation is a promising technique for treating various cancers. Here, we reported the development of free-standing wafer-scale Au nanosheets (NSs) that exhibited an impressive PDT effect. The Au NSs were synthesized by ionic layer epitaxy at the air-water interface with a uniform thickness in the range from 2 to 8.5 nm. These Au NSs were found very effective in generating singlet oxygen under NIR irradiation. In vitro cellular study showed that the Au NSs had very low cytotoxicity and high PDT efficiency due to their uniform 2D morphology. Au NSs could kill cancer cells after 5 min NIR irradiation with little heat generation. This performance is comparable to using 10 times mass loading of Au nanoparticles (NPs). This work suggests that two-dimensional (2D) Au NSs could be a new type of biocompatible nanomaterial for PDT of cancer with an extraordinary photon conversion and cancer cell killing efficiency.

Keywords

gold nanosheetionic layer epitaxysurface plasmonphotodynamic effectcancer therapy

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Nano Research
Volume 13 Issue 12,
December 2020
Pages 3217-3223
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-020-2990-7
Cite this article:
Zhang Z, Ni D, Wang F, et al. In vitro study of enhanced photodynamic cancer cell killing effect by nanometer-thick gold nanosheets. Nano Research, 2020, 13(12): 3217-3223. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-020-2990-7
Topics:
BiocompatibilityCellsDiseasesGoldGold nanoparticlesInfrared devices IrradiationNanosheets

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Received: 08 October 2019
Revised: 11 July 2020
Accepted: 18 July 2020
Published: 14 August 2020
© Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature
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