AI Chat Paper
Note: Please note that the following content is generated by AMiner AI. SciOpen does not take any responsibility related to this content.
{{lang === 'zh_CN' ? '文章概述' : 'Summary'}}
{{lang === 'en_US' ? '中' : 'Eng'}}
Chat more with AI
Powered by AMiner. Clicking this button will take you away from SciOpen.
Home Nano Research Article
Article Link
Cite
EndNote(RIS) BibTeX
Collect
Submit Manuscript
Show Outline
Outline
Show full outline
Hide outline
Outline
Show full outline
Hide outline
Review Article

Plasmon-generated hot holes for chemical reactions

Chengyu Zhang, Fucan Jia, Zhuoyao Li, Xiao Huang, Gang Lu( )
Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
Show Author Information

Graphical Abstract

Abstract

Plasmonic nanostructures have been widely used for photochemical conversions due to their unique and easy-tuning optical properties in visible and near-infrared range. Compared with the plasmon-generated hot electrons, the hot holes usually have a shorter lifetime, which makes them more difficult to drive redox reactions. This review focuses on the photochemistry driven by the plasmon-generated hot holes. First, we discuss the generation and energy distribution of the plasmon-generated hot carriers, especially hot holes. Then, the dynamics of the hot holes are discussed at the interface between plasmonic metal and semiconductor or adsorbed molecules. Afterwards, the utilization of these hot holes in redox reactions is reviewed on the plasmon-semiconductor heterostructures as well as on the surface of the molecule-adsorbed plasmonic metals. Finally, the remaining challenges and future perspectives in this field are presented. This review will be helpful for further improving the efficiency of the photochemical reactions involving the plasmon-generated hot holes and expanding the applications of these hot holes in varieties of chemical reactions, especially the ones with high conversion rate and selectivity.

Keywords

surface plasmonhot holephotochemistryphotocatalysis

References

[1]
M. R. Hoffmann,; S. T. Martin,; W. Choi,; D. W. Bahnemann, Environmental applications of semiconductor photocatalysis. Chem. Rev. 1995, 95, 69-96.
Crossref Google Scholar
[2]
J. M. Herrmann, Heterogeneous photocatalysis: Fundamentals and applications to the removal of various types of aqueous pollutants. Catal. Today 1999, 53, 115-129.
Crossref Google Scholar
[3]
H. M. Chen,; C. K. Chen,; R. S. Liu,; C. C. Wu,; W. S. Chang,; K. H. Chen,; T. S. Chan,; J. F. Lee,; D. P. Tsai, A new approach to solar hydrogen production: A ZnO-ZnS solid solution nanowire array photoanode. Adv. Energy Mater. 2011, 1, 742-747.
Crossref Google Scholar
[4]
H. M. Chen,; C. K. Chen,; C. C. Lin,; R. S. Liu,; H. Yang,; W. S. Chang,; K. H. Chen,; T. S. Chan,; J. F. Lee,; D. P. Tsai, Multi-bandgap-sensitized ZnO nanorod photoelectrode arrays for water splitting: An X-ray absorption spectroscopy approach for the electronic evolution under solar illumination. J. Phys. Chem. C 2011, 115, 21971-21980.
Crossref Google Scholar
[5]
Y. H. Su,; N. J. W. Straathof,; V. Hessel,; T. Noël, Photochemical transformations accelerated in continuous-flow reactors: Basic concepts and applications. Chem.-Eur. J. 2014, 20, 10562-10589.
Crossref Google Scholar
[6]
A. Fujishima,; K. Honda, Electrochemical photolysis of water at a semiconductor electrode. Nature 1972, 238, 37-38.
Crossref Google Scholar
[7]
X. T. Zhai,; Z. Y. Li,; Z. C. Lu,; G. L. Wang,; P. Li,; Y. Q. Gao,; X. Huang,; W. Huang,; H. Uji-i,; G. Lu, Synthesis of 42-faceted bismuth vanadate microcrystals for enhanced photocatalytic activity. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 2019, 542, 207-212.
Crossref Google Scholar
[8]
R. H. Yi,; Y. L. Wang,; X. Zhou,; Z. Y. Li,; C. Y. Zhang,; C. Y. He,; H. Li,; Y. Q. Gao,; X. Huang,; G. Lu, Crack formation on crystalline bismuth oxychloride thin square sheets by using a wet-chemical method. ChemNanoMat 2020, 6, 759-764.
Crossref Google Scholar
[9]
N. L. Rosi,; C. A. Mirkin, Nanostructures in biodiagnostics. Chem. Rev. 2005, 105, 1547-1562.
Crossref Google Scholar
[10]
B. M. Reinhard,; S. Sheikholeslami,; A. Mastroianni,; A. P. Alivisatos,; J. Liphardt, Use of plasmon coupling to reveal the dynamics of DNA bending and cleavage by single ecorv restriction enzymes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2007, 104, 2667-2672.
Crossref Google Scholar
[11]
C. Sönnichsen,; B. M. Reinhard,; J. Liphardt,; A. P. Alivisatos, A molecular ruler based on plasmon coupling of single gold and silver nanoparticles. Nat. Biotechnol. 2005, 23, 741-745.
Google Scholar
[12]
A. J. Haes,; R. P. Van Duyne, A nanoscale optical biosensor: Sensitivity and selectivity of an approach based on the localized surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy of triangular silver nanoparticles. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2002, 124, 10596-10604.
Google Scholar
[13]
R. Elghanian,; J. J. Storhoff,; R. C. Mucic,; R. L. Letsinger,; C. A. Mirkin, Selective colorimetric detection of polynucleotides based on the distance-dependent optical properties of gold nanoparticles. Science 1997, 277, 1078-1081.
Google Scholar
[14]
Z. W. Seh,; S. H. Liu,; M. Low,; S. Y. Zhang,; Z. L. Liu,; A. Mlayah,; M. Y. Han, Janus Au-TiO2 photocatalysts with strong localization of plasmonic near-fields for efficient visible-light hydrogen generation. Adv. Mater. 2012, 24, 2310-2314.
Google Scholar
[15]
I. Thomann,; B. A. Pinaud,; Z. B. Chen,; B. M. Clemens,; T. F. Jaramillo,; M. L. Brongersma, Plasmon enhanced solar-to-fuel energy conversion. Nano Lett. 2011, 11, 3440-3446.
Google Scholar
[16]
K. Awazu,; M. Fujimaki,; C. Rockstuhl,; J. Tominaga,; H. Murakami,; Y. Ohki,; N. Yoshida,; T. Watanabe, A plasmonic photocatalyst consisting of silver nanoparticles embedded in titanium dioxide. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2008, 130, 1676-1680.
Google Scholar
[17]
S. Linic,; U. Aslam,; C. Boerigter,; M. Morabito, Photochemical transformations on plasmonic metal nanoparticles. Nat. Mater. 2015, 14, 567-576.
Google Scholar
[18]
K. Ueno,; H. Misawa, Surface plasmon-enhanced photochemical reactions. J. Photochem. Photobiol. C Photochem. Rev. 2013, 15, 31-52.
Google Scholar
[19]
S. A. Maier,; H. A. Atwater, Plasmonics: Localization and guiding of electromagnetic energy in metal/dielectric structures. J. Appl. Phys. 2005, 98, 011101.
Google Scholar
[20]
S. K. Cushing,; J. T. Li,; F. K. Meng,; T. R. Senty,; S. Suri,; M. J. Zhi,; M. Li,; A. D. Bristow,; N. Q. Wu, Photocatalytic activity enhanced by plasmonic resonant energy transfer from metal to semiconductor. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, 15033-15041.
Google Scholar
[21]
M. G. Lee,; C. W. Moon,; H. Park,; W. Sohn,; S. B. Kang,; S. Lee,; K. J. Choi,; H. W. Jang, Dominance of plasmonic resonant energy transfer over direct electron transfer in substantially enhanced water oxidation activity of BiVO4 by shape-controlled Au nanoparticles. Small 2017, 13, 1701644.
Google Scholar
[22]
M. Fedoruk,; M. Meixner,; S. Carretero-Palacios,; T. Lohmüller,; J. Feldmann, Nanolithography by plasmonic heating and optical manipulation of gold nanoparticles. ACS Nano 2013, 7, 7648-7653.
Google Scholar
[23]
S. Chaunchaiyakul,; A. Setiadi,; P. Krukowski,; F. C. I. Catalan,; M. Akai-Kasaya,; A. Saito,; N. Hayazawa,; Y. Kim,; H. Osuga,; Y. Kuwahara, Nanoscale dehydrogenation observed by tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. J. Phys. Chem. C 2017, 121, 18162-18168.
Google Scholar
[24]
D. N. Denzler,; C. Frischkorn,; C. Hess,; M. Wolf,; G. Ertl, Electronic excitation and dynamic promotion of a surface reaction. Phys. Rev. Lett. 2003, 91, 226102.
Google Scholar
[25]
R. Sundararaman,; P. Narang,; A. S. Jermyn,; W. A. Goddard III,; H. A. Atwater, Theoretical predictions for hot-carrier generation from surface plasmon decay. Nat. Commun. 2014, 5, 5788.
Google Scholar
[26]
G. Baffou,; I. Bordacchini,; A. Baldi,; R. Quidant, Simple experimental procedures to distinguish photothermal from hot-carrier processes in plasmonics. Light Sci. Appl. 2020, 9, 108.
Google Scholar
[27]
Y. Y. Dong,; Y. L. Su,; L. L. Du,; R. F. Wang,; L. Zhang,; D. B. Zhao,; W. Xie, Plasmon-enhanced deuteration under visible-light irradiation. ACS Nano 2019, 13, 10754-10760.
Google Scholar
[28]
C. Zhan,; Z. Y. Wang,; X. G. Zhang,; X. J. Chen,; Y. F. Huang,; S. Hu,; J. F. Li,; D. Y. Wu,; M. Moskovits,; Z. Q. Tian, Interfacial construction of plasmonic nanostructures for the utilization of the plasmon-excited electrons and holes. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2019, 141, 8053-8057.
Google Scholar
[29]
W. Li,; J. J. Miao,; T. H. Peng,; H. Lv,; J. G. Wang,; K. Li,; Y. Zhu,; D. Li, Single-molecular catalysis identifying activation energy of the intermediate product and rate-limiting step in plasmonic photocatalysis. Nano Lett. 2020, 20, 2507-2513.
Google Scholar
[30]
Y. M. Zhai,; J. S. DuChene,; Y. C. Wang,; J. J. Qiu,; A. C. Johnston-Peck,; B. You,; W. X. Guo,; B. DiCiaccio,; K. Qian,; E. W. Zhao, et al. Polyvinylpyrrolidone-induced anisotropic growth of gold nanoprisms in plasmon-driven synthesis. Nat. Mater. 2016, 15, 889-895.
Google Scholar
[31]
J. L. White,; M. F. Baruch,; J. E. Pander III,; Y. Hu,; I. C. Fortmeyer,; J. E. Park,; T. Zhang,; K. Liao,; J. Gu,; Y. Yan, et al. Light-driven heterogeneous reduction of carbon dioxide: Photocatalysts and photoelectrodes. Chem. Rev. 2015, 115, 12888-12935.
Google Scholar
[32]
W. B. Hou,; W. H. Hung,; P. Pavaskar,; A. Goeppert,; M. Aykol,; S. B. Cronin, Photocatalytic conversion of CO2 to hydrocarbon fuels via plasmon-enhanced absorption and metallic interband transitions. ACS Catal. 2011, 1, 929-936.
Google Scholar
[33]
W. G. Tu,; Y. Zhou,; H. J. Li,; P. Li,; Z. G. Zou, Au@TiO2 yolk-shell hollow spheres for plasmon-induced photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to solar fuel via a local electromagnetic field. Nanoscale 2015, 7, 14232-14236.
Google Scholar
[34]
H. Robatjazi,; H. Q. Zhao,; D. F. Swearer,; N. J. Hogan,; L. N. Zhou,; A. Alabastri,; M. J. McClain,; P. Nordlander,; N. J. Halas, Plasmon-induced selective carbon dioxide conversion on earth-abundant aluminum-cuprous oxide antenna-reactor nanoparticles. Nat. Commun. 2017, 8, 27.
Google Scholar
[35]
B. H. Wu,; D. Y. Liu,; S. Mubeen,; T. T. Chuong,; M. Moskovits,; G. D. Stucky, Anisotropic growth of TiO2 onto gold nanorods for plasmon-enhanced hydrogen production from water reduction. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2016, 138, 1114-1117.
Google Scholar
[36]
S. C. Warren,; E. Thimsen, Plasmonic solar water splitting. Energy Environ. Sci. 2012, 5, 5133-5146.
Google Scholar
[37]
P. Zhang,; T. Wang,; J. L. Gong, Mechanistic understanding of the plasmonic enhancement for solar water splitting. Adv. Mater. 2015, 27, 5328-5342.
Google Scholar
[38]
K. Ueno,; T. Oshikiri,; H. Misawa, Plasmon-induced water splitting using metallic-nanoparticle-loaded photocatalysts and photoelectrodes. ChemPhysChem 2016, 17, 199-215.
Google Scholar
[39]
Y. Nishijima,; K. Ueno,; Y. Kotake,; K. Murakoshi,; H. Inoue,; H. Misawa, Near-infrared plasmon-assisted water oxidation. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2012, 3, 1248-1252.
Google Scholar
[40]
Y. B. Huang,; J. Liu,; D. W. Cao,; Z. M. Liu,; K. K. Ren,; K. Liu,; A. W. Tang,; Z. J. Wang,; L. Li,; S. C. Qu, et al. Separation of hot electrons and holes in Au/LaFeO3 to boost the photocatalytic activities both for water reduction and oxidation. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2019, 44, 13242-13252.
Google Scholar
[41]
K. Saito,; I. Tanabe,; T. Tatsuma, Site-selective plasmonic etching of silver nanocubes. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2016, 7, 4363-4368.
Google Scholar
[42]
V. A. Khanadeev,; N. G. Khlebtsov,; A. M. Burov,; B. N. Khlebtsov, Tuning of plasmon resonance of gold nanorods by controlled etching. Colloid J. 2015, 77, 652-660.
Google Scholar
[43]
A. M. Brown,; R. Sundararaman,; P. Narang,; W. A. Goddard III,; H. A. Atwater, Nonradiative plasmon decay and hot carrier dynamics: Effects of phonons, surfaces, and geometry. ACS Nano 2016, 10, 957-966.
Google Scholar
[44]
A. O. Govorov,; H. Zhang,; Y. K. Gun'ko, Theory of photoinjection of hot plasmonic carriers from metal nanostructures into semiconductors and surface molecules. J. Phys. Chem. C 2013, 117, 16616-16631.
Google Scholar
[45]
W. Hou,; S. B. Cronin, A review of surface plasmon resonance-enhanced photocatalysis. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2013, 23, 1612-1619.
Google Scholar
[46]
E. Kazuma,; Y. Kim, Mechanistic studies of plasmon chemistry on metal catalysts. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2019, 58, 4800-4808.
Google Scholar
[47]
N. Zhang,; C. Han,; X. Z. Fu,; Y. J. Xu, Function-oriented engineering of metal-based nanohybrids for photoredox catalysis: Exerting plasmonic effect and beyond. Chem 2018, 4, 1832-1861.
Google Scholar
[48]
H. H. Shin,; J. J. Koo,; K. S. Lee,; Z. H. Kim, Chemical reactions driven by plasmon-induced hot carriers. Appl. Mater. Today 2019, 16, 112-119.
Google Scholar
[49]
X. C. Ma,; Y. Dai,; L. Yu,; B. B. Huang, Energy transfer in plasmonic photocatalytic composites. Light Sci. Appl. 2016, 5, e16017.
Google Scholar
[50]
Y. C. Zhang,; S. He,; W. X. Guo,; Y. Hu,; J. W. Huang,; J. R. Mulcahy,; W. D. Wei, Surface-plasmon-driven hot electron photochemistry. Chem. Rev. 2018, 118, 2927-2954.
Google Scholar
[51]
T. Tatsuma,; H. Nishi, Plasmonic hole ejection involved in plasmon-induced charge separation. Nanoscale Horiz. 2020, 5, 597-606.
Google Scholar
[52]
X. G. Li,; D. Xiao,; Z. Y. Zhang, Landau damping of quantum plasmons in metal nanostructures. New J. Phys. 2013, 15, 023011.
Google Scholar
[53]
M. L. Brongersma,; N. J. Halas,; P. Nordlander, Plasmon-induced hot carrier science and technology. Nat. Nanotechnol. 2015, 10, 25-34.
Google Scholar
[54]
S. Link,; M. A. El-Sayed, Size and temperature dependence of the plasmon absorption of colloidal gold nanoparticles. J. Phys. Chem. B 1999, 103, 4212-4217.
Google Scholar
[55]
J. J. Mock,; M. Barbic,; D. R. Smith,; D. A. Schultz,; S. Schultz, Shape effects in plasmon resonance of individual colloidal silver nanoparticles. J. Chem. Phys. 2002, 116, 6755.
Google Scholar
[56]
Y. Ekinci,; H. H. Solak,; J. F. Löffler, Plasmon resonances of aluminum nanoparticles and nanorods. J. Appl. Phys. 2008, 104, 083107.
Google Scholar
[57]
K. L. Kelly,; E. Coronado,; L. L. Zhao,; G. C. Schatz, The optical properties of metal nanoparticles:  The influence of size, shape, and dielectric environment. J. Phys. Chem. B 2003, 107, 668-677.
Google Scholar
[58]
G. Lu,; G. L. Wang,; H. Li, Effect of nanostructured silicon on surface enhanced Raman scattering. RSC Adv. 2018, 8, 6629-6633.
Google Scholar
[59]
A. Manjavacas,; J. G. Liu,; V. Kulkarni,; P. Nordlander, Plasmon-induced hot carriers in metallic nanoparticles. ACS Nano 2014, 8, 7630-7638.
Google Scholar
[60]
N. A. Dhas,; C. P. Raj,; A. Gedanken, Synthesis, characterization, and properties of metallic copper nanoparticles. Chem. Mater. 1998, 10, 1446-1452.
Google Scholar
[61]
M. Bernardi,; J. Mustafa,; J. B. Neaton,; S. G. Louie, Theory and computation of hot carriers generated by surface plasmon polaritons in noble metals. Nat. Commun. 2015, 6, 7044.
Google Scholar
[62]
R. Sundararaman,; P. Narang,; A. S. Jermyn,; W. A. Goddard III,; H. A. Atwater, Theoretical predictions for hot-carrier generation from surface plasmon decay. Nat. Commun. 2014, 5, 5788.
Google Scholar
[63]
Z. L. Zhang,; C. Y. Zhang,; H. R. Zheng,; H. X. Xu, Plasmon-driven catalysis on molecules and nanomaterials. Acc. Chem. Res. 2019, 52, 2506-2515.
Google Scholar
[64]
M. J. Kale,; T. Avanesian,; P. Christopher, Direct photocatalysis by plasmonic nanostructures. ACS Catal. 2014, 4, 116-128.
Google Scholar
[65]
C. Boerigter,; R. Campana,; M. Morabito,; S. Linic, Evidence and implications of direct charge excitation as the dominant mechanism in plasmon-mediated photocatalysis. Nat. Commun. 2016, 7, 10545.
Google Scholar
[66]
J. S. DuChene,; B. C. Sweeny,; A. C. Johnston-Peck,; D. Su,; E. A. Stach,; W. D. Wei, Prolonged hot electron dynamics in plasmonic-metal/semiconductor heterostructures with implications for solar photocatalysis. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2014, 53, 7887-7891.
Google Scholar
[67]
S. F. Hung,; F. X. Xiao,; Y. Y. Hsu,; N. T. Suen,; H. B. Yang,; H. M. Chen,; B. Liu, Iridium oxide-assisted plasmon-induced hot carriers: Improvement on kinetics and thermodynamics of hot carriers. Adv. Energy Mater. 2016, 6, 1501339.
Google Scholar
[68]
Z. Zhang,; J. T. Yates, Jr. Band bending in semiconductors: Chemical and physical consequences at surfaces and interfaces. Chem. Rev. 2012, 112, 5520-5551.
Google Scholar
[69]
J. Sá,; G. Tagliabue,; P. Friedli,; J. Szlachetko,; M. H. Rittmann-Frank,; F. G. Santomauro,; C. J. Milne,; H. Sigg, Direct observation of charge separation on Au localized surface plasmons. Energy Environ. Sci. 2013, 6, 3584-3588.
Google Scholar
[70]
Z. C. Lian,; M. Sakamoto,; H. Matsunaga,; J. J. M. Vequizo,; A. Yamakata,; M. Haruta,; H. Kurata,; W. Ota,; T. Sato,; T. Teranishi, Near infrared light induced plasmonic hot hole transfer at a nano-heterointerface. Nat. Commun. 2018, 9, 2314.
Google Scholar
[71]
O. Zandi,; A. Agrawal,; A. B. Shearer,; L. C. Reimnitz,; C. J. Dahlman,; C. M. Staller,; D. J. Milliron, Impacts of surface depletion on the plasmonic properties of doped semiconductor nanocrystals. Nat. Mater. 2018, 17, 710-717.
Google Scholar
[72]
I. Kriegel,; F. Scotognella,; L. Manna, Plasmonic doped semiconductor nanocrystals: Properties, fabrication, applications and perspectives. Phys. Rep. 2017, 674, 1-52.
Google Scholar
[73]
C. Boerigter,; U. Aslam,; S. Linic, Mechanism of charge transfer from plasmonic nanostructures to chemically attached materials. ACS Nano 2016, 10, 6108-6115.
Google Scholar
[74]
A. Furube,; L. C. Du,; K. Hara,; R. Katoh,; M. Tachiya, Ultrafast plasmon-induced electron transfer from gold nanodots into TiO2 nanoparticles. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2007, 129, 14852-14853.
Google Scholar
[75]
Y. Ning,; L. A. Fielding,; J. Nutter,; A. N. Kulak,; F. C. Meldrum,; S. P. Armes, Spatially controlled occlusion of polymer-stabilized gold nanoparticles within ZnO. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2019, 58, 4302-4307.
Google Scholar
[76]
R. B. Wei,; P. Y. Kuang,; H. Cheng,; Y. B. Chen,; J. Y. Long,; M. Y. Zhang,; Z. Q. Liu, Plasmon-enhanced photoelectrochemical water splitting on gold nanoparticle decorated ZnO/CdS nanotube arrays. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. 2017, 5, 4249-4257.
Google Scholar
[77]
Z. S. Zhang,; L. H. Liu,; W. H. Fang,; R. Long,; M. V. Tokina,; O. V. Prezhdo, Plasmon-mediated electron injection from Au nanorods into MoS2: Traditional versus photoexcitation mechanism. Chem 2018, 4, 1112-1127.
Google Scholar
[78]
C. Chai,; J. X. Liu,; Y. W. Wang,; X. C. Zhang,; D. H. Duan,; C. M. Fan,; Y. F. Wang, Enhancement in photocatalytic performance of Ag-AgCl decorated with h-WO3 and mechanism insight. Appl. Phys. A 2019, 125, 96.
Google Scholar
[79]
L. Wang,; D. D. Lv,; Z. J. Yue,; H. Zhu,; L. Wang,; D. F. Wang,; X. Xu,; W. C. Hao,; S. X. Dou,; Y. Du, Promoting photoreduction properties via synergetic utilization between plasmonic effect and highly active facet of BiOCl. Nano Energy 2019, 57, 398-404.
Google Scholar
[80]
Z. C. Lu,; X. T. Zhai,; R. H. Yi,; Z. Y. Li,; R. X. Zhang,; Q. Wei,; G. H. Xing,; G. Lu,; W. Huang, Photoluminescence emission during photoreduction of graphene oxide sheets as investigated with single-molecule microscopy. J. Phys. Chem. C 2020, 124, 7914-7921.
Google Scholar
[81]
L. Su,; G. Lu,; B. Kenens,; S. Rocha,; E. Fron,; H. F. Yuan,; C. Chen,; P. Van Dorpe,; M. B. J. Roeffaers,; H. Mizuno, et al. Visualization of molecular fluorescence point spread functions via remote excitation switching fluorescence microscopy. Nat. Commun. 2015, 6, 6287.
Google Scholar
[82]
T. Chen,; B. Dong,; K. C. Chen,; F. Zhao,; X. D. Cheng,; C. B. Ma,; S. Lee,; P. Zhang,; S. H. Kang,; J. W. Ha, et al. Optical super-resolution imaging of surface reactions. Chem. Rev. 2017, 117, 7510-7537.
Google Scholar
[83]
J. W. Ha,; T. P. A. Ruberu,; R. Han,; B. Dong,; J. Vela,; N. Fang, Super-resolution mapping of photogenerated electron and hole separation in single metal-semiconductor nanocatalysts. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2014, 136, 1398-1408.
Google Scholar
[84]
H. Nishi,; M. Sakamoto,; T. Tatsuma, Local trapping of energetic holes at gold nanoparticles on TiO2. Chem. Commun. 2018, 54, 11741-11744.
Google Scholar
[85]
S. Y. Wang,; Y. Y. Gao,; S. Miao,; T. F. Liu,; L. C. Mu,; R. G. Li,; F. T. Fan,; C. Li, Positioning the water oxidation reaction sites in plasmonic photocatalysts. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2017, 139, 11771-11778.
Google Scholar
[86]
S. Bai,; X. Y. Li,; Q. Kong,; R. Long,; C. M. Wang,; J. Jiang,; Y. J. Xiong, Toward enhanced photocatalytic oxygen evolution: Synergetic utilization of plasmonic effect and schottky junction via interfacing facet selection. Adv. Mater. 2015, 27, 3444-3452.
Google Scholar
[87]
A. Naldoni,; T. Montini,; F. Malara,; M. M. Mróz,; A. Beltram,; T. Virgili,; C. L. Boldrini,; M. Marelli,; I. Romero-Ocaña,; J. J. Delgado, et al. Hot electron collection on brookite nanorods lateral facets for plasmon-enhanced water oxidation. ACS Catal. 2017, 7, 1270-1278.
Google Scholar
[88]
L. Q. Liu,; P. Li,; B. Adisak,; S. X. Ouyang,; N. Umezawa,; J. H. Ye,; R. Kodiyath,; T. Tanabe,; G. V. Ramesh,; S. Ueda, et al. Gold photosensitized SrTiO3 for visible-light water oxidation induced by Au interband transitions. J. Mater. Chem. A 2014, 2, 9875-9882.
Google Scholar
[89]
M. M. Wang,; P. Wang,; C. P. Li,; H. J. Li,; Y. D. Jin, Boosting electrocatalytic oxygen evolution performance of ultrathin Co/Ni-MOF nanosheets via plasmon-induced hot carriers. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2018, 10, 37095-37102.
Google Scholar
[90]
C. G. Silva,; R. Juarez,; T. Marino,; R. Molinari,; H. Garcia, Influence of excitation wavelength (UV or visible light) on the photocatalytic activity of titania containing gold nanoparticles for the generation of hydrogen or oxygen from water. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2011, 133, 595-602.
Google Scholar
[91]
L. Wang,; H. Y. Hu,; N. T. Nguyen,; Y. J. Zhang,; P. Schmuki,; Y. P. Bi, Plasmon-induced hole-depletion layer on hematite nanoflake photoanodes for highly efficient solar water splitting. Nano Energy 2017, 35, 171-178.
Google Scholar
[92]
J. Kim,; H. Y. Son,; Y. S. Nam, Multilayered plasmonic heterostructure of gold and titania nanoparticles for solar fuel production. Sci. Rep. 2018, 8, 10464.
Google Scholar
[93]
Y. C. Zhang,; Y. L. Zhang,; W. X. Guo,; A. C. Johnston-Peck,; Y. Hu,; X. N. Song,; W. D. Wei, Modulating multi-hole reaction pathways for photoelectrochemical water oxidation on gold nanocatalysts. Energy Environ. Sci. 2020, 13, 1501-1508.
Google Scholar
[94]
D. P. DePuccio,; C. C. Landry, Photocatalytic oxidation of methanol using porous Au/WO3 and visible light. Catal. Sci. Technol. 2016, 6, 7512-7520.
Google Scholar
[95]
Y. J. Xiong,; L. L. Zou,; Q. G. Pan,; Y. Zhou,; Z. Q. Zou,; H. Yang, Photo-electro synergistic catalysis: Can Pd be active for methanol electrooxidation in acidic medium? Electrochim. Acta 2018, 278, 210-218.
Google Scholar
[96]
H. Yang,; L. Q. He,; Z. H. Wang,; X. H. Lu,; G. R. Li,; P. P. Fang,; Y. X. Tong, Enhanced photocatalytic activity from mixture-fuel cells by ZnO template-assisted Pd-Pt hollow nanorods. ChemistrySelect 2017, 2, 9842-9846.
Google Scholar
[97]
P. Zhang,; P. Y. Wu,; S. Y. Bao,; Z. Wang,; B. Z. Tian,; J. L. Zhang, Synthesis of sandwich-structured AgBr@Ag@TiO2 composite photocatalyst and study of its photocatalytic performance for the oxidation of benzyl alcohols to benzaldehydes. Chem. Eng. J. 2016, 306, 1151-1161.
Google Scholar
[98]
H. Li,; F. Qin,; Z. P. Yang,; X. M. Cui,; J. F. Wang,; L. Z. Zhang, New reaction pathway induced by plasmon for selective benzyl alcohol oxidation on BiOCl possessing oxygen vacancies. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2017, 139, 3513-3521.
Google Scholar
[99]
J. Boltersdorf,; G. T. Forcherio,; J. P. McClure,; D. R. Baker,; A. C. Leff,; C. Lundgren, Visible light-promoted plasmon resonance to induce “Hot” hole transfer and photothermal conversion for catalytic oxidation. J. Phys. Chem. C 2018, 122, 28934-28948.
Google Scholar
[100]
H. Q. Pan,; A. Steiniger,; M. D. Heagy,; S. Chowdhury, Efficient production of formic acid by simultaneous photoreduction of bicarbonate and oxidation of glycerol on gold-TiO2 composite under solar light. J. CO2 Util. 2017, 22, 117-123.
Google Scholar
[101]
Y. R. Sun,; C. Y. Du,; G. K. Han,; Y. J. Wang,; Y. Z. Gao,; G. P. Yin,Pt/g-C3N4 nanosheet for visible light-induced enhancement of activity for formic acid electro-oxidation. J. Electrochem. 2018, 24, 262-269.
Google Scholar
[102]
A. Tanaka,; K. Hashimoto,; B. Ohtani,; H. Kominami, Non-linear photocatalytic reaction induced by visible-light surface-plasmon resonance absorption of gold nanoparticles loaded on titania particles. Chem. Commun. 2013, 49, 3419-3421.
Google Scholar
[103]
A. Tanaka,; A. Ogino,; M. Iwaki,; K. Hashimoto,; A. Ohnuma,; F. Amano,; B. Ohtani,; H. Kominami, Gold-titanium(IV) oxide plasmonic photocatalysts prepared by a colloid-photodeposition method: Correlation between physical properties and photocatalytic activities. Langmuir 2012, 28, 13105-13111.
Google Scholar
[104]
Y. Y. Yin,; Y. Yang,; L. Z. Zhang,; Y. S. Li,; Z. Y. Li,; W. W. Lei,; Y. F. Ma,; Z. R. Huang, Facile synthesis of Au/Pd nano-dogbones and their plasmon-enhanced visible-to-NIR light photocatalytic performance. RSC Adv. 2017, 7, 36923-36928.
Google Scholar
[105]
H. J. Yu,; C. J. Miller,; A. Ikeda-Ohno,; T. D. Waite, Photodegradation of contaminants using Ag@AgCl/rGo assemblages: Possibilities and limitations. Catal. Today 2014, 224, 122-131.
Google Scholar
[106]
Q. Xiao,; T. U. Connell,; J. J. Cadusch,; A. Roberts,; A. S. R. Chesman,; D. E. Gómez, Hot-carrier organic synthesis via the near-perfect absorption of light. ACS Catal. 2018, 8, 10331-10339.
Google Scholar
[107]
H. T. Chen, Interference theory of metamaterial perfect absorbers. Opt. Express 2012, 20, 7165-7172.
Google Scholar
[108]
C. Ng,; J. J. Cadusch,; S. Dligatch,; A. Roberts,; T. J. Davis,; P. Mulvaney,; D. E. Gómez, Hot carrier extraction with plasmonic broadband absorbers. ACS Nano 2016, 10, 4704-4711.
Google Scholar
[109]
L. C. Zhang,; C. C. Jia,; S. R. He,; Y. T. Zhu,; Y. N. Wang,; Z. H. Zhao,; X. C. Gao,; X. M. Zhang,; Y. H. Sang,; D. J. Zhang, et al. Hot hole enhanced synergistic catalytic oxidation on Pt-Cu alloy clusters. Adv. Sci. 2017, 4, 1600448.
Google Scholar
[110]
J. S. DuChene,; G. Tagliabue,; A. J. Welch,; W. H. Cheng,; H. A. Atwater, Hot hole collection and photoelectrochemical CO2 reduction with plasmonic Au/P-GaN photocathodes. Nano Lett. 2018, 18, 2545-2550.
Google Scholar
[111]
G. L. Wang,; R. H. Yi,; X. T. Zhai,; R. J. Bian,; Y. Q. Gao,; D. Y. Cai,; J. Q. Liu,; X. Huang,; G. Lu, et al. A flexible SERS-active film for studying the effect of non-metallic nanostructures on Raman enhancement. Nanoscale 2018, 10, 16895-16901.
Google Scholar
[112]
G. Lu,; H. Li,; S. X. Wu,; P. Chen,; H. Zhang, High-density metallic nanogaps fabricated on solid substrates used for surface enhanced Raman scattering. Nanoscale 2012, 4, 860-863.
Google Scholar
[113]
Z. Y. Li,; X. Huang,; G. Lu, Recent developments of flexible and transparent sers substrates. J. Mater. Chem. C 2020, 8, 3956-3969.
Google Scholar
[114]
M. Osawa,; N. Matsuda,; K. Yoshii,; I. Uchida, Charge transfer resonance Raman process in surface-enhanced Raman scattering from p-aminothiophenol adsorbed on silver: Herzberg-teller contribution. J. Phys. Chem. 1994, 98, 12702-12707.
Google Scholar
[115]
D. Y. Wu,; X. M. Liu,; Y. F. Huang,; B. Ren,; X. Xu,; Z. Q. Tian, Surface catalytic coupling reaction of p-mercaptoaniline linking to silver nanostructures responsible for abnormal sers enhancement: A DFT study. J. Phys. Chem. C 2009, 113, 18212-18222.
Google Scholar
[116]
Y. R. Fang,; Y. Z. Li,; H. X. Xu,; M. T. Sun, Ascertaining p,p'-dimercaptoazobenzene produced from p-aminothiophenol by selective catalytic coupling reaction on silver nanoparticles. Langmuir 2010, 26, 7737-7746.
Google Scholar
[117]
Y. F. Huang,; H. P. Zhu,; G. K. Liu,; D. Y. Wu,; B. Ren,; Z. Q. Tian, When the signal is not from the original molecule to be detected: Chemical transformation of para-aminothiophenol on Ag during the SERS measurement. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 9244-9246.
Google Scholar
[118]
M. T. Sun,; Y. X. Hou,; Z. P. Li,; L. W. Liu,; H. X. Xu, Remote excitation polarization-dependent surface photochemical reaction by plasmonic waveguide. Plasmonics 2011, 6, 681-687.
Google Scholar
[119]
V. Canpean,; M. Iosin,; S. Astilean, Disentangling sers signals from two molecular species: A new evidence for the production of p,p'-dimercaptoazobenzene by catalytic coupling reaction of p-aminothiophenol on metallic nanostructures. Chem. Phys. Lett. 2010, 500, 277-282.
Google Scholar
[120]
Y. Z. Huang,; Y. R. Fang,; Z. L. Yang,; M. T. Sun, Can p, p'-dimercaptoazobisbenzene be produced from p-aminothiophenol by surface photochemistry reaction in the junctions of a Ag nanoparticle-molecule-Ag (or Au) film? J. Phys. Chem. C 2010, 114, 18263-18269.
Google Scholar
[121]
B. Dong,; Y. R. Fang,; X. W. Chen,; H. X. Xu,; M. T. Sun, Substrate-, wavelength-, and time-dependent plasmon-assisted surface catalysis reaction of 4-nitrobenzenethiol dimerizing to p,p'-dimercaptoazobenzene on Au, Ag, and Cu films. Langmuir 2011, 27, 10677-10682.
Google Scholar
[122]
L. B. Zhao,; Y. F. Huang,; X. M. Liu,; J. R. Anema,; D. Y. Wu,; B. Ren,; Z. Q. Tian, A DFT study on photoinduced surface catalytic coupling reactions on nanostructured silver: Selective formation of azobenzene derivatives from para-substituted nitrobenzene and aniline. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2012, 14, 12919-12929.
Google Scholar
[123]
L. B. Zhao,; Y. F. Huang,; D. Y. Wu,; B. Ren, Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and plasmon-assisted photocatalysis of p-aminothiophenol. Acta Chim. Sin. 2014, 72, 1125-1138. (in Chinese)
Google Scholar
[124]
L. B. Zhao,; M. Zhang,; Y. F. Huang,; C. T. Williams,; D. Y. Wu,; B. Ren,; Z. Q. Tian, Theoretical study of plasmon-enhanced surface catalytic coupling reactions of aromatic amines and nitro compounds. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2014, 5, 1259-1266.
Google Scholar
[125]
X. Shi,; H. W. Li,; Y. L. Ying,; C. Liu,; L. Zhang,; Y. T. Long, In situ monitoring of catalytic process variations in a single nanowire by dark-field-assisted surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. Chem. Commun. 2016, 52, 1044-1047.
Google Scholar
[126]
T. H. Peng,; J. J. Miao,; Z. S. Gao,; L. J. Zhang,; Y. Gao,; C. H. Fan,; D. Li, Reactivating catalytic surface: Insights into the role of hot holes in plasmonic catalysis. Small 2018, 14, 1703510.
Google Scholar
[127]
L. Brus, Noble metal nanocrystals: Plasmon electron transfer photochemistry and single-molecule Raman spectroscopy. Acc. Chem. Res. 2008, 41, 1742-1749.
Google Scholar
[128]
E. S. Thrall,; A. P. Steinberg,; X. M. Wu,; L. E. Brus, The role of photon energy and semiconductor substrate in the plasmon-mediated photooxidation of citrate by silver nanoparticles. J. Phys. Chem. C 2013, 117, 26238-26247.
Google Scholar
[129]
A. E. Schlather,; A. Manjavacas,; A. Lauchner,; V. S. Marangoni,; C. J. DeSantis,; P. Nordlander,; N. J. Halas, Hot hole photoelectrochemistry on Au@SiO2@Au nanoparticles. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2017, 8, 2060-2067.
Google Scholar
[130]
V. P. Dinesh,; P. Biji,; A. Ashok,; S. K. Dhara,; M. Kamruddin,; A. K. Tyagi,; B. Raj, Plasmon-mediated, highly enhanced photocatalytic degradation of industrial textile dyes using hybrid ZnO@Ag core-shell nanorods. RSC Adv. 2014, 4, 58930-58940.
Google Scholar
[131]
S. Mondal,; M. E. De Anda Reyes,; U. Pal, Plasmon induced enhanced photocatalytic activity of gold loaded hydroxyapatite nanoparticles for methylene blue degradation under visible light. RSC Adv. 2017, 7, 8633-8645.
Google Scholar
[132]
L. L. He,; C. Q. Liu,; J. Tang,; Y. C. Zhou,; H. Yang,; R. Y. Liu,; J. G. Hu, Self-catalytic stabilized Ag-Cu nanoparticles with tailored SERS response for plasmonic photocatalysis. Appl. Surf. Sci. 2018, 434, 265-272.
Google Scholar
[133]
G. Lu,; H. F. Yuan,; L. Su,; B. Kenens,; Y. Fujita,; M. Chamtouri,; M. Pszona,; E. Fron,; J. Waluk,; J. Hofkens, et al. Plasmon-mediated surface engineering of silver nanowires for surface-enhanced Raman scattering. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2017, 8, 2774-2779.
Google Scholar
[134]
A. Al-Zubeidi,; B. S. Hoener,; S. S. E. Collins,; W. X. Wang,; S. R. Kirchner,; S. A. H. Jebeli,; A. Joplin,; W. S. Chang,; S. Link,; C. F. Landes, Hot holes assist plasmonic nanoelectrode dissolution. Nano Lett. 2019, 19, 1301-1306.
Google Scholar
[135]
Y. Kim,; J. G. Smith,; P. K. Jain, Harvesting multiple electron-hole pairs generated through plasmonic excitation of Au nanoparticles. Nat. Chem. 2018, 10, 763-769.
Google Scholar
[136]
J. Zhao,; S. C. Nguyen,; R. Ye,; B. H. Ye,; H. Weller,; G. A. Somorjai,; A. P. Alivisatos,; F. D. Toste, A comparison of photocatalytic activities of gold nanoparticles following plasmonic and interband excitation and a strategy for harnessing interband hot carriers for solution phase photocatalysis. ACS Cent. Sci. 2017, 3, 482-488.
Google Scholar
[137]
W. Xie,; S. Schlücker, Hot electron-induced reduction of small molecules on photorecycling metal surfaces. Nat. Commun. 2015, 6, 7570.
Google Scholar
Nano Research
Volume 13 Issue 12,
December 2020
Pages 3183-3197
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-020-3031-2
Cite this article:
Zhang C, Jia F, Li Z, et al. Plasmon-generated hot holes for chemical reactions. Nano Research, 2020, 13(12): 3183-3197. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-020-3031-2
Topics:
Infrared devices Optical propertiesPlasmonics Redox reactions

935

Views

71

Crossref

N/A

Web of Science

65

Scopus

0

CSCD

Altmetrics
Received: 08 June 2020
Revised: 27 July 2020
Accepted: 04 August 2020
Published: 02 September 2020
© Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature
Return