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Review Article

Atomic-scale insights into the formation of 2D crystals from in situ transmission electron microscopy

Yatong Zhu1, Dundong Yuan1, Hao Zhang1, Tao Xu1( ), Litao Sun1,2( )
SEU-FEI Nano-Pico Center, Key Laboratory of MEMS of Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
Center for Advanced Materials and Manufacture, Southeast University-Monash University Joint Research Institute, Suzhou 215123, China
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Abstract

Two-dimensional (2D) crystals are attractive due to their intriguing structures and properties which are strongly dependent on the synthesis conditions. To achieve their superior properties, it is of critical importance to fully understand the growth processes and mechanisms for tailored design and controlled growth of 2D crystals. Due to the high spatiotemporal resolution and the capability to mimic the realistic growth conditions, in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) becomes an effective way to monitor the growth process in real-time at the atomic scale, which is expected to provide atomic-scale insights into the nucleation and growth of 2D crystals. Here we review the recent in situ TEM works on the formation of 2D crystals under electron irradiation, thermal excitation as well as voltage bias. The underlying mechanisms are also elucidated in detail, providing key insights into the nucleation and formation of 2D crystals.

Keywords

two-dimensional crystalin situ transmission electron microscopyformation mechanismelectron irradiation

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Nano Research
Volume 14 Issue 6,
June 2021
Pages 1650-1658
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-020-3034-z
Cite this article:
Zhu Y, Yuan D, Zhang H, et al. Atomic-scale insights into the formation of 2D crystals from in situ transmission electron microscopy. Nano Research, 2021, 14(6): 1650-1658. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-020-3034-z
Topics:
Electron transitions High resolution transmission electron microscopy
Part of a topical collection:
NR45 Awards in 2D Materials, 2021

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Received: 29 May 2020
Revised: 30 July 2020
Accepted: 04 August 2020
Published: 05 September 2020
© Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature
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