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Research Article

g-C3N4 encapsulated ZrO2 nanofibrous membrane decorated with CdS quantum dots: A hierarchically structured, self-supported electrocatalyst toward synergistic NH3 synthesis

Jun Song1,2, Jin Dai3, Peng Zhang4, Yitao Liu1( ), Jianyong Yu1, Bin Ding1( )
Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology (Donghua University), Ministry of Education, Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai 200051, China
Key Laboratory for Advanced Technology in Environmental Protection of Jiangsu Province, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China
College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
State Center for International Cooperation on Designer Low-Carbon & Environmental Materials (CDLCEM), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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Abstract

The advancement of electrocatalytic N2 reduction reaction (NRR) toward ambient NH3 synthesis lies in the development of more affordable electrocatalysts than noble metals. Recently, various nanostructures of transition metal compounds have been proposed as effective electrocatalysts; however, they exist in the form of loose powders, which have to be immobilized on a matrix before serving as the electrode for electrolysis. The matrix, being it carbon paper, carbon cloth or metal foam, is electrocatalytically inactive, whose introduction inevitably raises the invalid weight while sacrificing the active sites of the electrode. Herein, we report on the fabrication of a flexible ZrO2 nanofibrous membrane as a novel, self-supported electrocatalyst. The heteroatom doping can not only endow the nanofibrous membrane with excellent flexibility, but also induce oxygen vacancies which are responsible for easier adsorption of N2 on the ZrO2 surface. To improve the electrocatalytic activity, a facile SILAR approach is employed to decorate it with CdS quantum dots (QDs), thereby tuning its Fermi level. To improve the conductivity, a g-C3N4 nanolayer is further deposited which is both conductive and active. The resulting hierarchically structured, self-supported electrocatalyst, consisting of g-C3N4 encapsulated ZrO2 nanofibrous membrane decorated with CdS QDs, integrates the merits of the three components, and exhibits a remarkable synergy toward NRR. Excellent NH3 yield of 6.32 × 10-10 mol·s-1·cm-2 (-0.6 V vs. RHE) and Faradaic efficiency of 12.9% (-0.4 V vs. RHE) are attained in 0.1 M Na2SO4.

Keywords

ZrO2 nanofibrous membraneCdS quantum dotsg-C3N4 nanolayerself-supported electrocatalystNH3 synthesis

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Nano Research
Volume 14 Issue 5,
May 2021
Pages 1479-1487
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-020-3206-x
Cite this article:
Song J, Dai J, Zhang P, et al. g-C3N4 encapsulated ZrO2 nanofibrous membrane decorated with CdS quantum dots: A hierarchically structured, self-supported electrocatalyst toward synergistic NH3 synthesis. Nano Research, 2021, 14(5): 1479-1487. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-020-3206-x
Topics:
AmmoniaCadmium sulfideCarbonElectrocatalysis ElectrocatalystsElectrodesIINanocrystalsNanofibersRefractory metal compoundsSodium sulfateTransition metalsVI semiconductors

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Received: 17 July 2020
Revised: 22 October 2020
Accepted: 22 October 2020
Published: 08 December 2020
© Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature
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