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Review Article

3D printing of metal-based materials for renewable energy applications

Shahryar Mooraj1, Zhen Qi2, Cheng Zhu2( ), Jie Ren1, Siyuan Peng1, Liang Liu1, Shengbiao Zhang1, Shuai Feng1, Fanyue Kong1,3, Yanfang Liu1, Eric B. Duoss2, Sarah Baker2, Wen Chen1( )
Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003-2210, USA
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
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Graphical Abstract

Abstract

Large-scale renewable energy must overcome conversion and storage challenges before it can replace fossil fuels due to its intermittent nature. However, current sustainable energy devices still suffer from high cost, low efficiency, and poor service life problems. Recently, porous metal-based materials have been widely used as desirable cross-functional platforms for electrochemical and photochemical energy systems for their unique electrical conductivity, catalytic activity, and chemical stability. To tailor the porosity length scale, ordering, and compositions, 3D printing has been applied as a disruptive manufacturing revolution to create complex architected components by directly joining sequential layers into designed structures. This article intends to summarize cutting- edge advances of metal-based materials for renewable energy devices (e.g., fuel cells, solar cells, supercapacitors, and batteries) over the past decade.

Keywords

renewable energymetal catalystsnanomaterialsporous structure3D printingadditive manufacturing

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Nano Research
Volume 14 Issue 7,
July 2021
Pages 2105-2132
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-020-3230-x
Cite this article:
Mooraj S, Qi Z, Zhu C, et al. 3D printing of metal-based materials for renewable energy applications. Nano Research, 2021, 14(7): 2105-2132. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-020-3230-x
Topics:
Catalyst activityFabricationFuel cellsFuel storageRenewable energy resources

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Received: 11 September 2020
Revised: 02 November 2020
Accepted: 09 November 2020
Published: 05 July 2021
© Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
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