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Research Article

Lithiophilic N-doped carbon bowls induced Li deposition in layered graphene film for advanced lithium metal batteries

Xiaoyu Feng1,2,§, Hong-Hui Wu3,§, Biao Gao2, Michał Świętosławski4, Xin He5( ), Qiaobao Zhang1( )
Department of Materials Science and Engineering College of Materials Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005 China
The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy Institute of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081 China
School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083 China
Faculty of Chemistry Jagiellonian University ul. Gronostajowa 2Krakow 30-387 Poland
School of Chemical Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065 China

§ Xiaoyu Feng and Hong-Hui Wu contributed equally to this work.

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Graphical Abstract

Abstract

Lithium (Li) metal with high theoretical capacity and low electrochemical potential is the most ideal anode for next-generation high-energy batteries. However, the practical implementation of Li anode has been hindered by dendritic growth and volume expansion during cycling, which results in low Coulombic efficiency (CE), short lifespan, and safety hazards. Here, we report a highly stable and dendrite-free Li metal anode by utilizing N-doped hollow porous bowl-like hard carbon/reduced graphene nanosheets (CB@rGO) hybrids as three-dimensional (3D) conductive and lithiophilic scaffold host. The lithiophilic carbon bowl (CB) mainly works as excellent guides during the Li plating process, whereas the rGO layer with high conductivity and mechanical stability maintains the integrity of the composite by confining the volume change in long-range order during cycling. Moreover, the local current density can be reduced due to the 3D conductive framework. Therefore, CB@rGO presents a low lithium metal nucleation overpotential of 18 mV, high CE of 98%, and stable cycling without obvious voltage fluctuation for over 600 cycles at a current density of 1 mA·cm–2. Our study not only provides a good CB@rGO host and pre-Lithiated CB@rGO composite anode electrode, but also brings a new strategy of designing 3D electrodes for those active materials suffering from severe volume expansion.

Keywords

dendrite inhibitionLi metal hostlithium metal batterybowl-like carbon/reduced graphene nanosheets hybrids

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Nano Research
Volume 15 Issue 1,
January 2022
Pages 352-360
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-021-3482-0
Cite this article:
Feng X, Wu H-H, Gao B, et al. Lithiophilic N-doped carbon bowls induced Li deposition in layered graphene film for advanced lithium metal batteries. Nano Research, 2022, 15(1): 352-360. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-021-3482-0
Topics:
Lithium batteries
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Received: 15 February 2021
Revised: 29 March 2021
Accepted: 29 March 2021
Published: 21 April 2021
© Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2021
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