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Research Article

Fluorine-induced dual defects in NiP2 anode with robust sodium storage performance

Liang Wu1,2, Lifeng Wang3, Xiaolong Cheng3, Mingze Ma3, Ying Wu3, Xiaojun Wu3, Hengpan Yang1, Yan Yu3( ), Chuanxin He1( )
College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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Graphical Abstract

Abstract

Metal phosphides have shown great application potential as anode for sodium-ion batteries (NIBs) owing to high theoretical capacity, suitable operation voltage and abundant resource. Unfortunately, the application of NiP2 anode is severely impeded by low practical capacity and fast capacity decay due to the huge volume variation and low reactivity of internal phosphorus (P) component towards Na+. Herein, electronic structure modulation of NiP2 via heteroatoms doping and introducing vacancies defects to enhance Na+ adsorption sites and diffusion kinetics is successfully attempted. The as-synthesized three-dimensional (3D) bicontinuous carbon matrix decorated with well-dispersed fluorine (F)-doped NiP2 nanoparticles (F-NiP2@carbon nanosheets) delivers a high reversible capacity (585 mAh·g−1 at 0.1 A·g−1) and excellent long cycling stability (244 mAh·g−1 over 1,000 cycles at 2 A·g−1) when tested as anode in NIBs. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that F doping in NiP2 induces the formation of P vacancies with increased Na+ adsorption energy and accelerates the alloying of internal P component. The F-NiP2@carbon nanosheets//Na3V2(PO4)3 full cell is evaluated showing stable long cycling life. The heteroatoms doping-induced dual defects strategy opens up a new way of metal phosphides for sodium storage.

Keywords

NiP2electronic structure modulationF dopingP vacanciesdual defectssodium-ion batteries

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Nano Research
Volume 15 Issue 3,
March 2022
Pages 2147-2156
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-021-3852-7
Cite this article:
Wu L, Wang L, Cheng X, et al. Fluorine-induced dual defects in NiP2 anode with robust sodium storage performance. Nano Research, 2022, 15(3): 2147-2156. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-021-3852-7
Topics:
Lithium batteries

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Received: 05 July 2021
Revised: 29 August 2021
Accepted: 30 August 2021
Published: 19 October 2021
© Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2021
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