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Research Article

Flexible sodium-ion capacitors boosted by high electrochemically-reactive and structurally-stable Sb2S3 nanowire/Ti3C2Tx MXene film anodes

Jian Yang1, Tianyi Wang1,2, Xin Guo2( ), Xiaoxue Sheng1, Jiabao Li1, Chengyin Wang1( ), Guoxiu Wang2( )
Institute for Innovative Materials and Energy, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
Centre for Clean Energy Technology, School of Mathematics and Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
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Graphical Abstract

The free-standing and flexible Sb2S3/Ti3C2Tx anodes were fabricated via electrostatic self-assembly for high-performance sodium storage. The Ti3C2Tx MXene improves the charge transfer kinetics, inhibits the volume expansion of Sb2S3 and restrains the shuttling of polysulfides. Meanwhile, the Sb2S3 nanowires act as a capacity sponsor, which also prevent the re-stacking of Ti3C2Tx nanosheets and facilitate ion diffusion within the film electrodes.

Abstract

The rapid development of portable, foldable, and wearable electronic devices requires flexible energy storage systems. Sodium-ion capacitors (SICs) combining the high energy of batteries and the high power of supercapacitors are promising solutions. However, the lack of flexible and durable electrode materials that allow fast and reversible Na+ storage hinders the development of flexible SICs. Herein, we report a high-capacity, free-standing and flexible Sb2S3/Ti3C2Tx composite film for fast and stable sodium storage. In this hybrid nano-architecture, the Sb2S3 nanowires uniformly anchored between Ti3C2Tx nanosheets not only act as sodium storage reservoirs but also pillar the two-dimensional (2D) Ti3C2Tx to form three-dimensional (3D) channels benefiting for electrolyte penetration. Meanwhile, the highly conductive Ti3C2Tx nanosheets provide rapid electron transport pathways, confine the volume expansion of Sb2S3 during sodiation, and restrain the dissolution of discharged sodium polysulfides through physical constraint and chemical absorption. Owing to the synergistic effects of the one-dimensional (1D) Sb2S3 nanowires and 2D MXenes, the resultant composite anodes exhibit outstanding rate performance (553 mAh·g−1 at 2 A·g−1) and cycle stability in sodium-ion batteries. Moreover, the flexible SICs using Sb2S3/Ti3C2Tx anodes and active carbon/reduced graphene oxide (AC/rGO) paper cathodes deliver a superior energy and power density in comparison with previously reported devices, as well as an excellent cycling performance with a high capacity retention of 82.78% after 5,000 cycles. This work sheds light on the design of next-generation low-cost, flexible and fast-charging energy storage devices.

Keywords

MXeneSb2S3 nanowiresflexible energy storage devicessodium-ion batteriessodium-ion capacitors

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Nano Research
Volume 16 Issue 4,
April 2023
Pages 5592-5600
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-021-3933-7
Cite this article:
Yang J, Wang T, Guo X, et al. Flexible sodium-ion capacitors boosted by high electrochemically-reactive and structurally-stable Sb2S3 nanowire/Ti3C2Tx MXene film anodes. Nano Research, 2023, 16(4): 5592-5600. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-021-3933-7
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Special Issue of Xiamen University Centennial CelebrationAccelerating clean energy innovations via nanotechnology toward achieving circular economy

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Received: 07 August 2021
Revised: 20 September 2021
Accepted: 12 October 2021
Published: 03 November 2021
© Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2021
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