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Research Article

Intelligent bio-assembly imaging-guided platform for real-time bacteria sterilizing and infectious therapy

Jiayu Zeng1,§, Zengchao Guo1,§, Yihan Wang1, Zhaojian Qin1, Yi Ma3, Hui Jiang1, Yossi Weizmann2( ), Xuemei Wang1( )
State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics (Chien-Shiung Wu Lab), School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
Department of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China

§ Jiayu Zeng and Zengchao Guo contributed equally to this work.

Show Author Information

Graphical Abstract

The scheme illustrates the microenvironment-responsive assembled nanoclusters for real-time Escherichia coli bioimaging and simultaneous E. coli-infected wound cure. In bacterial infections, the metal precursors (i.e., HAuCl4, FeCl2, and herring sperm DNA) could be bio-self-assembled to multifunctional nanoclusters (NCs) that exhibit luminescence, in which AuCl4– was biosynthesized via reductive biomolecules such as NADPH to the fluorescent AuNCs. While visualizing the bacteria, the microenvironment-responsive NCs were enabled to sterilize bacteria efficiently due to reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. Besides, the bio-responsive self-assembled NCs complexes contributed to accelerating bacteria-infected wound healing.

Abstract

Bacterial infection is rising as a threatening health issue. Because of the present delay in early diagnosis of bacterial diseases as well as the abuse of antibiotics, it has become a vital issue in the development of in-time detection and therapy of bacterial infections. Herein, we designed a multifunctional nanotheranostics platform based on the unique micro-environment of bacterial infections to achieve specific bioimaging and simultaneous inactivation of the target bacteria. We showed that in bacterial infections, the metal precursors (i.e., HAuCl4, FeCl2, and herring sperm DNA) could be readily bio-self-assembled to multifunctional nanoclusters (NCs) that exhibit luminescence, in which AuCl4– was biosynthesized via reductive biomolecules such as NADPH to the fluorescent AuNCs. The DNA may assist as an encapsulation and delivery vector, and Fe2+ served as a fluorescence intensifier and reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) to produce the iron oxides. While the bacteria were being visualized, the microenvironment-responsive NCs were enabled to sterilize bacteria efficiently due to electrostatic effect, cell membrane destruction, inhibition of biofilm formation, and ROS accumulation. Besides, the bio-responsive self-assembled NCs complexes contributed to accelerating bacteria-infected wound healing and showed negligible side effects in long-term toxicity tests in vivo. Also, intracellular molecules involved in microenvironmental response were investigated. The work may become an effective strategy for the detection and real-time sterilization of intractable bacterial infections.

Keywords

bacterial microenvironment responseself-assembled Fe@Au−DNA complexesbacterial fluorescence bioimagingbacteria inactivationwound healing

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Nano Research
Volume 15 Issue 5,
May 2022
Pages 4164-4174
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-021-3998-3
Cite this article:
Zeng J, Guo Z, Wang Y, et al. Intelligent bio-assembly imaging-guided platform for real-time bacteria sterilizing and infectious therapy. Nano Research, 2022, 15(5): 4164-4174. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-021-3998-3
Topics:
Nanocomposites

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Received: 11 October 2021
Revised: 11 November 2021
Accepted: 14 November 2021
Published: 28 January 2022
© Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2021
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