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Research Article

A chitosan-mediated inhalable nanovaccine against SARS-CoV-2

Shao-Hua Zhuo1,§, Jun-Jun Wu1,§, Lang Zhao1, Wen-Hao Li1, Yu-Fen Zhao1,4, Yan-Mei Li1,2,3( )
Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing 100069, China
Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315221, China

§ Shao-Hua Zhuo and Jun-Jun Wu contributed equally to this work.

Show Author Information

Graphical Abstract

The chitosan-mediated inhalable nanovaccine amplifies spike protein immunogenicity, which offers a convenient and compliant strategy to reduce the use of needles and the need for medical staff.

Abstract

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), with several antigenic variants, has grown into a global challenge, and the rapid establishment of an immune barrier is crucial to achieving long-term control of the virus. This has led to a great demand for easy preparation and scalable vaccines, especially in low-income countries. Here, we present an inhalable nanovaccine comprising chitosan and SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. The chitosan-mediated nanovaccine enabled a strong spike-specific antibody immune response and augmented local mucosal immunity in bronchoalveolar lavage and lungs, which might be capable of protecting the host from infection without systemic toxicity. In addition, the enhanced adaptive immunity stimulated by chitosan showed potential protection against SARS-CoV-2. Furthermore, inhalation of the nanovaccine induced a comparable antibody response compared to intramuscular injection. This inhalable nanovaccine against SARS-CoV-2 offers a convenient and compliant strategy to reduce the use of needles and the need for medical staff.

Keywords

severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SASR-CoV-2)inhalationnanovaccinechitosan

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Nano Research
Volume 15 Issue 5,
May 2022
Pages 4191-4200
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-021-4012-9
Cite this article:
Zhuo S-H, Wu J-J, Zhao L, et al. A chitosan-mediated inhalable nanovaccine against SARS-CoV-2. Nano Research, 2022, 15(5): 4191-4200. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-021-4012-9
Topics:
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Received: 20 October 2021
Revised: 19 November 2021
Accepted: 22 November 2021
Published: 23 November 2021
© Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2021
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