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Review Article

Metal cation substitution of halide perovskite nanocrystals

Yujun Xie1,§, Anqi Zhou1,§, Xiaoshan Zhang2, Qiongrong Ou1, Shuyu Zhang1( )
Institute for Electric Light Sources, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
Institute of Future Lighting, Academy for Engineering and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China

§ Yujun Xie and Anqi Zhou contributed equally to this work.

Show Author Information

Graphical Abstract

This review summarizes the synthesis and growth, B-site composition engineering and light emission applications of halide perovskite nanocrystals, and analyzes variations in the resulting optical properties theoretically and experimentally, which cover the processes of crystalline structure, electronic band structure, defect states, exciton binding energy and exciton photodynamic. Focusing on the commonalities and differences of the functionalities that are induced by various doped ions, we are able to establish an instructive framework to predict and regulate the properties of perovskite nanocrystals, e.g., lower material toxicity, tune optical bandgaps and emissions, repair crystalline defects, improve stability, regulate recombination rates and optimize photoluminescence quantum yields.

Abstract

Recent years have seen a rapid development of lead halide perovskite (LHP) nanocrystals (NCs) as new and promising functional nanomaterials, which exhibit strong potential in a wide range of optoelectronic applications due to their superior properties and solution-processable advantages. However, to promote their progress in commercialization, overcoming the drawbacks of intrinsic lead toxicity and optimizing material performance are important and must be solved using alternative metal ions to replace Pb ions. In this review, we primarily summarize the recent development of lead-substitution strategies, which focus on the commonalities and differences of their functionalities that are induced by various doped ions. After a brief introduction to the synthesis, nucleation and growth of all-inorganic LHP NCs, a deep discussion of the crystalline structure, electronic band structure, defect states, exciton binding energy, exciton photodynamic process and stability is followed. Specifically, we highlight the importance of both theoretical calculations and experimental characterizations to establish indicative guidelines for high-performance semiconductor nanomaterials. Finally, the light emission applications are discussed, and several issues concerning future research on the controllable synthesis of halide perovskite NCs with low toxicity, superior reproducibility and properties are outlined.

Keywords

perovskite nanocrystalsdopinglead-freephotophysical mechanism

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Nano Research
Volume 15 Issue 7,
July 2022
Pages 6522-6550
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-022-4224-7
Cite this article:
Xie Y, Zhou A, Zhang X, et al. Metal cation substitution of halide perovskite nanocrystals. Nano Research, 2022, 15(7): 6522-6550. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-022-4224-7
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Received: 10 November 2021
Revised: 27 January 2022
Accepted: 10 February 2022
Published: 23 April 2022
© Tsinghua University Press 2022
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