AI Chat Paper
Note: Please note that the following content is generated by AMiner AI. SciOpen does not take any responsibility related to this content.
{{lang === 'zh_CN' ? '文章概述' : 'Summary'}}
{{lang === 'en_US' ? '中' : 'Eng'}}
Chat more with AI
Powered by AMiner. Clicking this button will take you away from SciOpen.
Home Nano Research Article
Article Link
Cite
EndNote(RIS) BibTeX
Collect
Submit Manuscript
Show Outline
Outline
Show full outline
Hide outline
Outline
Show full outline
Hide outline
Research Article

Construction of three-dimensional carbon framework-loaded silicon nanoparticles anchored by carbon film for high-performance lithium-ion battery anode materials

Fan Wu1, Zhichao He1, Mingqiang Wang1,3( ), Yudong Huang1, Fei Wang1,2( )
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Fine Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
Show Author Information

Graphical Abstract

A silicon carbon composite material (Si@3DC), in which Si nanoparticles were anchored on a three-dimensional carbon framework through carbon films, was prepared by a simple proton exchange method, providing good electronic and ionic conductivity, expansion space for Si nanoparticles, and calendering compatibility.

Abstract

Si materials are widely considered to be the next-generation anode to replace the current commercial graphite-based anode due to its high energy density. However, the large volume variation of silicon during (de)lithiation process leads to rapid capacity decay, hindering its commercial application. Although the various hollow structure designs of Si nanomaterials have improved their cycling stability in the laboratory, the high-pressure calendering process in the current industrial electrode preparation process might collapse the hollow structure and weaken the structural advantages of hollow silicon anode materials. In this work, a silicon carbon composite material (Si@3DC) in which Si nanoparticles were anchored on a three-dimensional carbon framework through carbon films was prepared by a simple proton exchange method. The three-dimensional carbon framework with multiple hierarchical pores of Si@3DC was compatible with the high-pressure calendering process, but also could provide expansion space for Si nanoparticles during the lithiation process, and ensure good electronic and ionic conductivity. The carbon film on the surface of Si nanoparticles promoted the formation of stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) films, ensuring the good cycle stability of Si@3DC.

Keywords

three-dimensional carbon frameworksiliconsilicon-carbonanodelithium-ion battery

Electronic Supplementary Material

Download File(s)
12274_2022_4264_MOESM1_ESM.pdf (3 MB)

References

1

Jia, H. P.; Li, X. L.; Song, J. H.; Zhang, X.; Luo, L. L.; He, Y.; Li, B. S.; Cai, Y.; Hu, S. Y.; Xiao, X. C. et al. Hierarchical porous silicon structures with extraordinary mechanical strength as high-performance lithium-ion battery anodes. Nat. Commun. 2020, 11, 1474.
Crossref Google Scholar
2

Sung, J.; Kim, N.; Ma, J.; Lee, J. H.; Joo, S. H.; Lee, T.; Chae, S.; Yoon, M.; Lee, Y.; Hwang, J. et al. Subnano-sized silicon anode via crystal growth inhibition mechanism and its application in a prototype battery pack. Nat. Energy 2021, 6, 1164–1175.
Crossref Google Scholar
3

Jeong, Y. K.; Huang, W.; Vilá, R. A.; Huang, W. X.; Wang, J. Y.; Kim, S. C.; Kim, Y. S.; Zhao, J.; Cui, Y. Microclusters of kinked silicon nanowires synthesized by a recyclable iodide process for high-performance lithium-ion battery anodes. Adv. Energy Mater. 2020, 10, 2002108.
Crossref Google Scholar
4

Wang, F.; Wang, B.; Li, J. X.; Wang, B.; Zhou, Y.; Wang, D. L.; Liu, H. K.; Dou, S. X. Prelithiation: A crucial strategy for boosting the practical application of next-generation lithium ion battery. ACS Nano. 2021, 15, 2197–2218.
Crossref Google Scholar
5

Xiang, B.; An, W. L.; Fu, J. J.; Mei, S. X.; Guo, S. G.; Zhang, X. M.; Gao, B.; Chu, P. K. Graphene-encapsulated blackberry-like porous silicon nanospheres prepared by modest magnesiothermic reduction for high-performance lithium-ion battery anode. Rare Metals 2021, 40, 383–392.
Crossref Google Scholar
6

Zhang, F. Z.; Ma, Y. Y.; Jiang, M. M.; Luo, W.; Yang, J. P. Boron heteroatom-doped silicon-carbon peanut-like composites enables long life lithium-ion batteries. Rare Metals 2022, 41, 1276–1283.
Crossref Google Scholar
7

Xu, Q.; Li, J. Y.; Sun, J. K.; Yin, Y. X.; Wan, L. J.; Guo, Y. G. Watermelon-inspired Si/C microspheres with hierarchical buffer structures for densely compacted lithium-ion battery anodes. Adv. Energy Mater. 2017, 7, 1601481.
Crossref Google Scholar
8

Zhang, X. H.; Wang, D. H.; Qiu, X. Y.; Ma, Y. J.; Kong, D. B.; Müllen, K.; Li, X. L.; Zhi, L. J. Stable high-capacity and high-rate silicon-based lithium battery anodes upon two-dimensional covalent encapsulation. Nat. Commun. 2020, 11, 3826.
Crossref Google Scholar
9

Wang, J. Y.; Cui, Y. Electrolytes for microsized silicon. Nat. Energy 2020, 5, 361–362.
Crossref Google Scholar
10

Mu, T. S.; Shen, B. C.; Lou, S. F.; Zhang, Z. G.; Ren, Y.; Zhou, X. M.; Zuo, P. J.; Du, C. Y.; Ma, Y. L.; Huo, H. et al. Scalable mesoporous silicon microparticles composed of interconnected nanoplates for superior lithium storage. Chem.—Eng. J. 2019, 375, 121923.
Crossref Google Scholar
11

Zeng, K.; Li, T.; Qin, X. Y.; Liang, G. M.; Zhang, L. H.; Liu, Q.; Li, B. H.; Kang, F. Y. A combination of hierarchical pore and buffering layer construction for ultrastable nanocluster Si/SiOx anode. Nano Res. 2020, 13, 2987–2993.
Crossref Google Scholar
12

Liu, N. T.; Liu, J.; Jia, D. Z.; Huang, Y. D.; Luo, J.; Mamat, X.; Yu, Y.; Dong, Y. M.; Hu, G. Z. Multi-core yolk–shell like mesoporous double carbon-coated silicon nanoparticles as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. Energy Storage Mater. 2019, 18, 165–173.
Crossref Google Scholar
13

Mu, T. S.; Zhao, Y.; Zhao, C. T.; Holmes, N. G.; Lou, S. F.; Li, J. J.; Li, W. H.; He, M. X.; Sun, Y. P.; Du, C. Y. et al. Stable silicon anodes by molecular layer deposited artificial zincone coatings. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2021, 31, 2010526.
Crossref Google Scholar
14

Liu, H. B.; Chen, Y.; Jiang, B.; Zhao, Y.; Guo, X. L.; Ma, T. L. Hollow-structure engineering of a silicon-carbon anode for ultra-stable lithium-ion batteries. Dalton Trans. 2020, 49, 5669–5676.
Crossref Google Scholar
15

Xue, H. J.; Wu, Y. Q.; Wang, Z. M.; Shen, Y. B.; Sun, Q. J.; Liu, G.; Yin, D. M.; Wang, L. M.; Li, Q.; Ming, J. Unraveling the new role of metal-organic frameworks in designing silicon hollow nanocages for high-energy lithium-ion batteries. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2021, 13, 40471–40480.
Crossref Google Scholar
16

Yi, Y.; Lee, G. H.; Kim, J. C.; Shim, H. W.; Kim, D. W. Tailored silicon hollow spheres with Micrococcus for Li-ion battery electrodes. Chem.—Eng. J. 2017, 327, 297–306.
Crossref Google Scholar
17

Wan, X. H.; Tang, Z. H.; Chen, J. L.; Xue, Y. C.; Zhang, J. H.; Guo, X. M.; Liu, Y. J.; Kong, Q. H.; Yuan, A. H.; Fan, H. Molten salt-assisted magnesiothermic reduction synthesis of spherical Si hollow structure as promising anode materials of lithium ion batteries. Chem. Lett. 2019, 48, 1547–1550.
Crossref Google Scholar
18

Ma, T. Y.; Yu, X. N.; Li, H. Y.; Zhang, W. G.; Cheng, X. L.; Zhu, W. T.; Qiu, X. P. High volumetric capacity of hollow structured SnO2@Si nanospheres for lithium-ion batteries. Nano Lett. 2017, 17, 3959–3964.
Crossref Google Scholar
19

Wang, J. Y.; Cui, Y.; Wang, D. Design of hollow nanostructures for energy storage, conversion and production. Adv. Mater. 2019, 31, 1801993.
Crossref Google Scholar
20

Wang, F.; Wang, B.; Ruan, T. T.; Gao, T. T.; Song, R. S.; Jin, F.; Zhou, Y.; Wang, D. L.; Liu, H. K.; Dou, S. X. Construction of structure-tunable Si@void@C anode materials for lithium-ion batteries through controlling the growth kinetics of resin. ACS Nano. 2019, 13, 12219–12229.
Crossref Google Scholar
21

Liu, N.; Wu, H.; McDowell, M. T.; Yao, Y.; Wang, C. M.; Cui, Y. A yolk–shell design for stabilized and scalable Li-ion battery alloy anodes. Nano Lett. 2012, 12, 3315–3321.
Crossref Google Scholar
22

Chen, S. R.; Gordin, M. L.; Yi, R.; Howlett, G.; Sohn, H.; Wang, D. H. Silicon core–hollow carbon shell nanocomposites with tunable buffer voids for high capacity anodes of lithium-ion batteries. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2012, 14, 12741–12745.
Crossref Google Scholar
23

Liu, N.; Lu, Z. D.; Zhao, J.; McDowell, M. T.; Lee, H. W.; Zhao, W. T.; Cui, Y. A pomegranate-inspired nanoscale design for large-volume-change lithium battery anodes. Nat. Nanotechnol. 2014, 9, 187–192.
Crossref Google Scholar
24

Son, Y.; Kim, N.; Lee, T.; Lee, Y.; Ma, J.; Chae, S.; Sung, J.; Cha, H.; Yoo, Y.; Cho, J. Calendering-compatible macroporous architecture for silicon-graphite composite toward high-energy lithium-ion batteries. Adv. Mater. 2020, 32, 2003286.
Crossref Google Scholar
25

Zhu, G. J.; Chao, D. L.; Xu, W. L.; Wu, M. H.; Zhang, H. J. Microscale silicon-based anodes: Fundamental understanding and industrial prospects for practical high-energy lithium-ion batteries. ACS Nano 2021, 15, 15567–15593.
Crossref Google Scholar
26

Feng, L. X.; Ji, Y.; Zhu, Z. W.; Yu, P.; Fu, X. W.; Yang, M.; Wang, Y.; Yang, W. Rational design and superfast production of biomimetic, calendering-compatible, catalytic, sulfur-rich secondary particles for advanced lithium-sulfur batteries. Energy Storage Mater. 2021, 40, 415–425.
Crossref Google Scholar
27

Ge, M. Z.; Cao, C. Y.; Biesold, G. M.; Sewell, C. D.; Hao, S. M.; Huang, J.; Zhang, W.; Lai, Y. K.; Lin, Z. Q. Recent advances in silicon-based electrodes: From fundamental research toward practical applications. Adv. Mater. 2021, 33, 2004577.
Crossref Google Scholar
28

Smekens, J.; Gopalakrishnan, R.; Steen, N. V. D.; Omar, N.; Hegazy, O.; Hubin, A.; Van Mierlo, J. Influence of electrode density on the performance of Li-ion batteries: Experimental and simulation results. Energies 2016, 9, 104.
Crossref Google Scholar
29

Meyer, C.; Bockholt, H.; Haselrieder, W.; Kwade, A. Characterization of the calendering process for compaction of electrodes for lithium-ion batteries. J. Mater. Process. Technol. 2017, 249, 172–178.
Crossref Google Scholar
30

Zhu, R. Y.; Hu, X. J.; Chen, K.; Dang, J.; Wang, X. J.; Liu, X. J.; Wang, H. Double-shelled hollow carbon nanospheres as enclosed electrochemical reactors to enhance the lithium storage performance of silicon nanodots. J. Mater. Chem. A 2020, 8, 12502–12517.
Crossref Google Scholar
31

Tian, H.; Tian, H. J.; Yang, W.; Zhang, F.; Yang, W.; Zhang, Q. B.; Wang, Y.; Liu, J.; Silva, S. R. P.; Liu, H. et al. Stable hollow-structured silicon suboxide-based anodes toward high-performance lithium-ion batteries. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2021, 31, 2101796.
Crossref Google Scholar
32

Xie, J.; Tong, L.; Su, L. W.; Xu, Y. W.; Wang, L. B.; Wang, Y. H. Core–shell yolk–shell Si@C@void@C nanohybrids as advanced lithium ion battery anodes with good electronic conductivity and corrosion resistance. J. Power Sources 2017, 342, 529–536.
Crossref Google Scholar
33

Wang, H. W.; Fu, J. Z.; Wang, C.; Wang, J. W.; Yang, A. K.; Li, C. C.; Sun, Q. F.; Cui, Y.; Li, H. Q. A binder-free high silicon content flexible anode for Li-ion batteries. Energy Environ. Sci. 2020, 13, 848–858.
Crossref Google Scholar
34

Ren, W. F.; Li, J. T.; Huang, Z. G.; Deng, L.; Zhou, Y.; Huang, L.; Sun, S. G. Fabrication of Si nanoparticles@conductive carbon framework@polymer composite as high-areal-capacity anode of lithium-ion batteries. ChemElectroChem 2018, 5, 3258–3265.
Crossref Google Scholar
35

Harpak, N.; Davidi, G.; Schneier, D.; Menkin, S.; Mados, E.; Golodnitsky, D.; Peled, E.; Patolsky, F. Large-scale self-catalyzed spongelike silicon nano-network-based 3D anodes for high-capacity lithium-ion batteries. Nano Lett. 2019, 19, 1944–1954.
Crossref Google Scholar
36

Chang, P.; Liu, X. X.; Zhao, Q. J.; Huang, Y. Q.; Huang, Y. H.; Hu, X. L. Constructing three-dimensional honeycombed graphene/silicon skeletons for high-performance Li-ion batteries. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2017, 9, 31879–31886.
Crossref Google Scholar
37

Huang, G.; Han, J. H.; Lu, Z.; Wei, D. X.; Kashani, H.; Watanabe, K.; Chen, M. W. Ultrastable silicon anode by three-dimensional nanoarchitecture design. ACS Nano 2020, 14, 4374–4382.
Crossref Google Scholar
38

Lee, J.; Moon, J.; Han, S. A.; Kim, J.; Malgras, V.; Heo, Y. U.; Kim, H.; Lee, S. M.; Liu, H. K.; Dou, S. X. et al. Everlasting living and breathing gyroid 3D network in Si@SiOx/C nanoarchitecture for lithium ion battery. ACS Nano 2019, 13, 9607–9619.
Crossref Google Scholar
39

He, Z. C.; Wu, F.; Guan, S. J.; Liu, L.; Li, J.; Huang, Y. D. Polyamide amine/aramid nanofiber composite aerogels as an ultra-high capacity adsorbent for Congo red removal. J. Mater. Chem. A 2021, 9, 13320–13331.
Crossref Google Scholar
40

Yang, B.; Wang, L.; Zhang, M. Y.; Li, W. W.; Zhou, Q. K.; Zhong, L. X. Advanced separators based on aramid nanofiber (ANF) membranes for lithium-ion batteries: A review of recent progress. J. Mater. Chem. A 2021, 9, 12923–12946.
Crossref Google Scholar
41

Mu, T. S.; Lou, S. F.; Holmes, N. G.; Wang, C. H.; He, M. X.; Shen, B. C.; Lin, X. T.; Zuo, P. J.; Ma, Y. L.; Li, R. Y. et al. Reversible silicon anodes with long cycles by multifunctional volumetric buffer layers. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2021, 13, 4093–4101.
Crossref Google Scholar
42

Salah, M.; Hall, C.; De Eulate, E. A.; Murphy, P.; Francis, C.; Kerr, R.; Pathirana, T. Fabretto, M. Compressively stressed silicon nanoclusters as an antifracture mechanism for high-performance lithium-ion battery anodes. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2020, 12, 39195–39204.
Crossref Google Scholar
43

Liang, G. M.; Qin, X. Y.; Zou, J. S.; Luo, L. Y.; Wang, Y. Z.; Wu, M. Y.; Zhu, H.; Chen, G. H.; Kang, F. Y.; Li, B. H. Electrosprayed silicon-embedded porous carbon microspheres as lithium-ion battery anodes with exceptional rate capacities. Carbon 2018, 127, 424–431.
Crossref Google Scholar
44

Yang, Z. W.; Wu, C.; Li, S.; Qiu, L.; Yang, Z. G.; Zhong, Y. J.; Zhong, B. H.; Song, Y.; Wang, G. K.; Liu, Y. X. et al. A unique structure of highly stable interphase and self-consistent stress distribution radial-gradient porous for silicon anode. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2021, 2107897.
Crossref Google Scholar
45

Chen, X. X.; Ge, G. F.; Wang, W. Y.; Zhang, B.; Jiang, J. J.; Yang, X. L.; Li, Y. Z.; Wang, L.; He, X. M.; Sun, Y. M. In situ formation of ionically conductive nanointerphase on Si particles for stable battery anode. Sci. China Chem. 2021, 64, 1417–1425.
Crossref Google Scholar
46

Li, W. L.; Chen, K.; Xu, Q. C.; Li, X. Y.; Zhang, Q.; Weng, J.; Xu, J. Mo2C/C hierarchical double-shelled hollow spheres as sulfur host for advanced Li-S batteries. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2021, 60, 21512–21520.
Crossref Google Scholar
47

Wang, W. C.; Liang, H. C.; Zhang, L.; Savilov, S. V.; Ni, J. F.; Li, L. Carbon nanotube directed three-dimensional porous Li2FeSiO4 composite for lithium batteries. Nano Res. 2017, 10, 229–237.
Crossref Google Scholar
48

Han, M.; Lin, Z.; Ji, X.; Mu, Y.; Li, J.; Yu, J. Growth of flexible and porous surface layers of vertical graphene sheets for accommodating huge volume change of silicon in lithium-ion battery anodes. Mater. Today Energy 2020, 17, 100445.
Crossref Google Scholar
49

Zeng, W. W.; Wang, L.; Peng, X.; Liu, T. F.; Jiang, Y. Y.; Qin, F.; Hu, L.; Chu, P. K.; Huo, K. F.; Zhou, Y. H. Enhanced ion conductivity in conducting polymer binder for high-performance silicon anodes in advanced lithium-ion batteries. Adv. Energy Mater. 2018, 8, 1702314.
Crossref Google Scholar
50

Meng, T.; Li, B.; Wang, Q. S.; Hao, J. N.; Huang, B. B.; Gu, F. L.; Xu, H. M.; Liu, P.; Tong, Y. X. Large-scale electric-field confined silicon with optimized charge-transfer kinetics and structural stability for high-rate lithium-ion batteries. ACS Nano 2020, 14, 7066–7076.
Crossref Google Scholar
51

Li, P. C.; Chen, G.; Zhang, N.; Ma, R. Z.; Liu, X. H. β-cyclodextrin as lithium-ion diffusion channel with enhanced kinetics for stable silicon anode. Energy Environ. Mater. 2021, 4, 72–80.
Crossref Google Scholar
52

Chen, M.; Zhou, Q. N.; Zai, J. T.; Iqbal, A.; Tsega, T.; Dong, B. X.; Liu, X. J.; Zhang, Y. C.; Yan, C. Y.; Zhao, L. et al. High power and stable P-doped yolk–shell structured Si@C anode simultaneously enhancing conductivity and Li+ diffusion kinetics. Nano Res. 2021, 14, 1004–1011.
Crossref Google Scholar
53

Ge, M. Y.; Wi, S.; Liu, X.; Bai, J. M.; Ehrlich, S.; Lu, D. Y.; Lee, W. K.; Chen, Z. H.; Wang, F. Kinetic limitations in single-crystal high-nickel cathodes. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2021, 60, 17350–17355.
Crossref Google Scholar
Nano Research
Volume 15 Issue 7,
July 2022
Pages 6168-6175
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-022-4264-z
Cite this article:
Wu F, He Z, Wang M, et al. Construction of three-dimensional carbon framework-loaded silicon nanoparticles anchored by carbon film for high-performance lithium-ion battery anode materials. Nano Research, 2022, 15(7): 6168-6175. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-022-4264-z
Topics:
Lithium batteries

870

Views

19

Crossref

20

Web of Science

19

Scopus

4

CSCD

Altmetrics
Received: 20 December 2021
Revised: 19 February 2022
Accepted: 21 February 2022
Published: 21 April 2022
© Tsinghua University Press 2022
Return