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Research Article

Kinetically accelerated and high-mass loaded lithium storage enabled by atomic iron embedded carbon nanofibers

Qian Xu1, Yanan Li1, Chenghao Wu1, Xitong Sun1, Qiang Li2, Huabin Zhang3, Le Yu4, Yuanyuan Pan2, Yujuan Wang1, Shiwei Guo1, Mengdi Zhang1, Han Hu1( ), Mingbo Wu1( )
State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Institute of New Energy, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
College of Physics, Center for Marine Observation and Communications, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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Graphical Abstract

The atomic Fe sites with coordination unsaturated electronic configuration are revealed to be favorable for Li+ bonding and diffusion and the atomic Fe decorated carbon nanofibers afford essentially improved lithium storage performance at high-mass loading.

Abstract

Carbonaceous materials represent the dominant choice of materials for anodic lithium storage in many energy storage devices. Nevertheless, the nonpolar carbonaceous materials offer weak adsorption toward Li+ that largely denies the high-rate Li+ storage. Herein, the atomic Fe sites decorated carbon nanofibers (AICNFs) facilely produced by electrospinning are reported for kinetically accelerated Li+ storage. Theoretical calculation reveals that the atomic Fe sites possess coordination unsaturated electronic configuration, enabling suitable bonding energy and facilitated diffusion path of Li+. As a result, the optimal structure displays a high capacitive contribution up to 95.9% at a scan rate of 2.0 mV·s−1. In addition, ultrahigh capacity retention of 97% is afforded after 5,000 cycles at a current density of 3 A·g−1. Moreover, the interlaced fiber structure enabled by electrospinning benefits structural stability and improved conductivity even at thick electrodes, thus allowing a high areal capacity of 1.76 mAh·cm−2 at a loading of 8 mg·cm−2. Because of these structure and performance merits, the lithium-ion capacitor containing the AICNF-based anode delivers a high energy density and large power density.

Keywords

atomic ironpseudocapacitancehigh-mass loadingelectrospinninglithium storage

Electronic Supplementary Material

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Nano Research
Volume 15 Issue 7,
July 2022
Pages 6176-6183
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-022-4266-x
Cite this article:
Xu Q, Li Y, Wu C, et al. Kinetically accelerated and high-mass loaded lithium storage enabled by atomic iron embedded carbon nanofibers. Nano Research, 2022, 15(7): 6176-6183. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-022-4266-x
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Received: 10 January 2022
Revised: 18 February 2022
Accepted: 21 February 2022
Published: 01 April 2022
© Tsinghua University Press 2022
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