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Research Article

Synthesis of carbon nanotubes-supported porous silicon microparticles in low-temperature molten salt for high-performance Li-ion battery anodes

Qianliang Zhang1, Baojuan Xi1( ), Weihua Chen2, Jinkui Feng3, Yitai Qian1, Shenglin Xiong1( )
Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Mold of Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution & Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
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Graphical Abstract

Defective carbon nanotubes-supported porous silicon microparticles were synthesized via a molten salt assisted dealloying process. The synthesized composite exhibited excellent cyclability and rate capability as an anode for lithium-ion batteries.

Abstract

Silicon-based materials has attracted attention as a promising candidate for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with high energy density. However, severe volume variation, pulverization, and poor conductivity hindered the development of Si based materials. In this study, porous Si microparticles supported by carbon nanotubes (p-Si/CNT) are fabricated through simple molten salt assisted dealloying process at low temperature followed by acid treatment. The ZnCl2 molten salt not only provides the liquid environment to enhance the reaction, but also participates the dealloying process and works as template for porous structure when removes by acid treatment. Additionally, distribution of defect sites in CNTs also increases after molten salt process. Density function theory (DFT) calculations further prove the defects could improve the adsorption of Li+. The participation of CNTs can also contribute to the reaction kinetics and retain the integrity of the electrode. As expected, the p-Si/CNT anode manifests enhanced lithium-storage performance in terms of superior cycling stability and good rate capability. The p-Si/CNT//LiCoO2 full cell assembly further demonstrates its potential as a prospective anode for high-performance LIBs.

Keywords

porous Si microparticlescarbon nanotubesmolten saltlithium-ion batteries

Electronic Supplementary Material

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Nano Research
Volume 15 Issue 7,
July 2022
Pages 6184-6191
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-022-4275-9
Cite this article:
Zhang Q, Xi B, Chen W, et al. Synthesis of carbon nanotubes-supported porous silicon microparticles in low-temperature molten salt for high-performance Li-ion battery anodes. Nano Research, 2022, 15(7): 6184-6191. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-022-4275-9
Topics:
Lithium batteries

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Received: 05 January 2022
Revised: 18 February 2022
Accepted: 27 February 2022
Published: 26 April 2022
© Tsinghua University Press 2022
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