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Research Article

Bacteria-assisted delivery and oxygen production of nano-enzyme for potent radioimmunotherapy of cancer

Jing Ni1,§Hailin Zhou1,§Jingyu Gu2Xinpei Liu2Jie Chen3( )Xuan Yi2( )Kai Yang1( )
State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection & School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RADX), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Molecular Drug Targets, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Medical Center of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China

§ Jing Ni and Hailin Zhou contributed equally to this work.

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Graphical Abstract

In this work, we used neutrophil-targeting denature albumin to coat catalase protein and then deliver it to the bacteria-infected tumors, reliving the tumor hypoxia under the excess hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) generated by neutrophil for enhanced radiotherapy. Moreover, bacteria, O2 together with X-ray irradiation could improve the immune microenvironment of tumor, resulting in a perfect immunotherapy.

Abstract

Tumor-targeting attenuated Salmonella could induce certain antitumor therapeutic effect through its proliferation characteristic and the consequent activated immune response, while host defense cells represented by neutrophils would trap and eliminate these invading bacteria via producing excess hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-including reactive oxygen species in the bacteria-infected tumor, thereby impairing the efficacy of the bacteria treatment of tumor. Herein, we attempt to combine bacteria treatment and oxygen-dependent radioimmunotherapy of tumor through injection of neutrophil-targeted nano-catalase into the bacteria-treated mice for perfect tumor treatment outcome. Denatured albumin is used to coat catalase and deliver it to the neutrophils infiltrated in bacteria-infected tumor tissue. Taking advantage of the generating H2O2 by neutrophils, easily-diffused oxygen is produced and spread the whole tumor under the catalysis of nano-enzyme, leading to enhanced radiotherapy of hypoxic tumor cells. Moreover, the optimized tumor microenvironment, synergistically caused by potent immune-stimulation of bacteria, generating oxygen and tumor radiotherapy, would boost the antitumor immunity. This novel combination therapy strategy holds great promise to provide new ideas for future clinical cancer treatment.

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Nano Research
Pages 7355-7365
Cite this article:
Ni J, Zhou H, Gu J, et al. Bacteria-assisted delivery and oxygen production of nano-enzyme for potent radioimmunotherapy of cancer. Nano Research, 2022, 15(8): 7355-7365. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-022-4369-4
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Received: 17 February 2022
Revised: 25 March 2022
Accepted: 28 March 2022
Published: 17 May 2022
© Tsinghua University Press 2022
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