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Research Article

Thickness-dependent and strain-tunable magnetism in two-dimensional van der Waals VSe2

Wenjuan Ci1,§, Huali Yang2,§, Wuhong Xue1( ), Ruilong Yang1, Baohua Lv1, Peng Wang1, Run-Wei Li2, Xiao-Hong Xu1( )
Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, China
CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices & Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China

§ Wenjuan Ci and Huali Yang contributed equally to this work.

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Graphical Abstract

The few-layer vanadium diselenide (VSe2) nanoflakes show strong thickness dependence of magnetic domain signal at room temperature. A very clear magnetic domain structure was exhibited in the VSe2 nanoflake whose thickness is close to monolayer, and the magnetic domain signal nearly disappeared for a thicker (> 6 nm) nanoflake. In addition, its magnetism including the magnetic moment and coercive field could be efficiently modulated via applying external strain. These results are of great significance for constructing novel flexible spintronic devices.

Abstract

Two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) magnetic materials with reduced dimensionality often exhibit unexpected properties compared to their bulk counterparts. In particular, the mechanical flexibility of 2D structure, enhanced ferromagnetism at reduced layer thickness, as well as robust perpendicular magnetic anisotropy are quite appealing for constructing novel spintronic devices. The vdW vanadium diselenide (VSe2) is an attractive material whose bulk is paramagnetic while monolayer is ferromagnetic with a Curie temperature (Tc) above room temperature. To explore its possible device applications, a detailed investigation on the thickness-dependent magnetism and strain modulation behavior of VSe2 is highly demanded. In this article, the VSe2 nanoflakes were controllably prepared via chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. The few-layer single VSe2 nanoflakes were found to exhibit magnetic domain structures at room temperature. Ambient magnetic force microscopy (MFM) phase images reveal a clear thickness-dependent magnetism and the MFM phase contrast is traceable for the nanoflakes of layer thickness below ~ 6 nm. Moreover, applying strain is found efficient in modulating the magnetic moment and coercive field of 2D VSe2 at room temperature. These results are helpful for understanding the ferromagnetism of high temperature 2D magnets and for constructing novel straintronic devices or flexible spintronic devices.

Keywords

room-temperature ferromagnetismthickness-dependent magnetismstrain-modulated magnetismtwo-dimensional (2D) vanadium diselenide (VSe2)

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Nano Research
Volume 15 Issue 8,
August 2022
Pages 7597-7603
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-022-4400-9
Cite this article:
Ci W, Yang H, Xue W, et al. Thickness-dependent and strain-tunable magnetism in two-dimensional van der Waals VSe2. Nano Research, 2022, 15(8): 7597-7603. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-022-4400-9
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Magnetic materials

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Received: 17 February 2022
Revised: 01 April 2022
Accepted: 06 April 2022
Published: 10 May 2022
© Tsinghua University Press 2022
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