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Research Article

Ascorbic acid derived carbon dots promote circadian rhythm and contribute to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Jian Huang1, Yun Wang1, Zhaomin Zhong1, Yurong Ma2, Keru Deng1, Changhong Liu1, Hui Huang2, Yang Liu2( ), Xin Ding3( ), Zhenhui Kang2,4( )
School of Biology & Basic Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials Laboratory (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
Division of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China
Macao Institute of Materials Science and Engineering (MIMSE), MUST-SUDA Joint Research Center for Advanced Functional Materials, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa 999078, Macao, China
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Graphical Abstract

The ascorbic acid derived carbon dots (VCDs) prolong circadian period for 0.6 h by modulating circadian gene expressions, and can stimulate dopaminergic neuron development in zebrafish brain, which results in an increase level of inter-cellular dopamine level. The use of VCDs can rescue the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) phenotype of zebrafish ADHD model caused by per1b mutation.

Abstract

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most prevalent psychiatric disorders in children, and ADHD patients always display circadian abnormalities. While, the ADHD drugs currently used in clinic have strong side effects, such as psychosis, allergic reactions, and heart problems. Here, we demonstrated carbon dots derived from the ascorbic acid (VCDs) could strongly rescue the hyperactive and impulsive behaviour of a zebrafish ADHD disease model caused by per1b mutation. VCDs prolonged the circadian period of zebrafish for more than half an hour. In addition, the amplitude and circadian phase were also changed. The dopamine level was specifically increased, which may be caused by stimulation of the dopaminergic neuron development in the midbrain. Notably, it was found that the serotonin level was not altered by VCDs treatments. Also, the gene transcriptome effects of VCDs were discussed in present work. Our results provided the dynamic interactions of carbon dots with circadian system and dopamine signaling pathway, which illustrates a potential application of degradable and bio-safe VCDs for the treatment of the attention deficient and hyperactive disorder through circadian intervention.

Keywords

carbon dotscircadian rhythmdopamineattention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)zebrafish

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Nano Research
Volume 15 Issue 9,
September 2022
Pages 8247-8254
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-022-4454-8
Cite this article:
Huang J, Wang Y, Zhong Z, et al. Ascorbic acid derived carbon dots promote circadian rhythm and contribute to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Nano Research, 2022, 15(9): 8247-8254. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-022-4454-8
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Nano biology

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Received: 07 March 2022
Revised: 18 April 2022
Accepted: 20 April 2022
Published: 12 June 2022
© Tsinghua University Press 2022
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