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Research Article

CMK-3 modified separator for ultra-high stability performance Cu1.8Se aluminum batteries

Xiaoxiao Li§, Mingxiao Ma§, Wenrong Lv, Gaohong Wu, Ruqian Lian, Wenming Zhang( ), Zhanyu Li( )
Hebei Key Laboratory of Optic-Electronic Information and Materials, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of New Energy Photoelectric Devices, College of Physics Science and Technology, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China

§ Xiaoxiao Li and Mingxiao Ma contributed equally to this work.

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Graphical Abstract

Due to the modification of the separator by CMK-3, which enables Cu1.8Se to avoid the shuttle effect of selenide during charging and discharging, Cu1.8Se@CMK-3 exhibits excellent electrochemical performance (478.77 mAh·g−1 after 500 cycles at 1.0 A·g−1).

Abstract

Rechargeable aluminum batteries (RABs) are a popular energy storage device because of its safety and environmental protection. As cathode materials of RABs, transition metal oxide, sulfide, and selenide have become the research hotspot. In this work, we have successfully prepared CuO, Cu1.8S, and Cu1.8Se electrode materials. Among them, although Cu1.8Se had a relatively higher initial discharge capacity, all of these products had severe capacity degradation in terms of cycling and rate performance. Furthermore, for solving the problem of capacity decline, CMK-3 modified separator was used to make the Cu1.8Se cathode material more stable, thus improving cycling and rate performance. It can be confirmed by ex situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) that both Cu and Se elements underwent reversible redox reactions during the charging/discharging process. Density functional theory was implemented to study the energy storage mechanism of CumX (X = O, S, Se). The results showed that Cu1.8S and Cu1.8Se mainly relied on AlCl4− for energy storage, and the intercalation/de-intercalation of Al3+ occurred during the charge/discharge process in CuO material. Consequently, the optimized Cu1.8Se/CMK-3@GF/C/Al revealed an outstanding rate capability (977.83 mAh·g−1 at 0.5 A·g−1) and long cyclic stability (retention of 478.77 mAh·g−1 after 500 cycles at 1.0 A·g−1). Compared to previously reported cathode materials of RABs, this type of battery displays great superiority in terms of rate and cycling stability. This research also provides a novel approach to suppress the shuttle effect of active species for advanced clean energy devices.

Keywords

density functional theoryrechargeable aluminum batteriesCu1.8Se CMK-3 modifiedlong cyclic stability

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Nano Research
Volume 15 Issue 9,
September 2022
Pages 8136-8145
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-022-4517-x
Cite this article:
Li X, Ma M, Lv W, et al. CMK-3 modified separator for ultra-high stability performance Cu1.8Se aluminum batteries. Nano Research, 2022, 15(9): 8136-8145. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-022-4517-x
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Secondary batteries

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Received: 03 March 2022
Revised: 12 April 2022
Accepted: 09 May 2022
Published: 06 July 2022
© Tsinghua University Press 2022
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