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Research Article

High-performance porous carbon foams via catalytic pyrolysis of modified isocyanate-based polyimide foams for electromagnetic shielding

Zhouping Sun1, Bin Shen1,2( ), Yang Li3( ), Jiali Chen1, Wenge Zheng1,2
Ningbo Key Lab of Polymer Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian 463000, China
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Graphical Abstract

The introduction of ferric acetylacetonate and carbon nanotube (CNT) coating in isocyanate-based polyimide foams (PIFs) could suppress the serious shrinkage and improve the graphitization degree of the final carbon foams through the Fe-catalytic graphitization process, thereby endowing them with better electromagnetic interference (EMI)-shielding performance even at lower pyrolysis temperature.

Abstract

Porous carbon skeletons (PCSs) derived from isocyanate-based aromatic polyimide foams (PIFs) by high-temperature pyrolysis are very promising in the fabrication of high-performance polymer composite foams for electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding due to their efficient conductive networks and facile preparation process. However, severe volumetric shrinkage and low graphitization degree is not conducive to enhancing the shielding efficiency of the PCSs. Herein, ferric acetylacetonate and carbon-nanotube coating have been introduced in isocyanate-based PIFs to greatly suppress the serious shrinkage during pyrolysis and improve the graphitization degree of the final carbon foams through the Fe-catalytic graphitization process, thereby endowing them with better EMI-shielding performance even at lower pyrolysis temperature compared to the control samples. Moreover, compressible polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composite foams with the as-prepared carbon foams as prefabricated PCSs have also been fabricated, which could provide not only stable shielding effectiveness (SE) performance even after a thousand compressions, but also multiple functions of Joule heating, thermal insulation and infrared stealth. This study offers a feasible route to prepare high-performance PCSs in a more energy-efficient manner via PIF pyrolysis, which is very promising in the manufacture of multifunctional conductive polymer composite foams.

Keywords

porous carbon skeletonsisocyanate-based polyimide foamscatalytic graphitizationelectromagnetic interference shieldingmultiple functions

Electronic Supplementary Material

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Nano Research
Volume 15 Issue 8,
August 2022
Pages 6851-6859
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-022-4572-3
Cite this article:
Sun Z, Shen B, Li Y, et al. High-performance porous carbon foams via catalytic pyrolysis of modified isocyanate-based polyimide foams for electromagnetic shielding. Nano Research, 2022, 15(8): 6851-6859. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-022-4572-3
Topics:
Carbon composites
Part of a topical collection:
EM Wave Functional Materials

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Received: 10 May 2022
Revised: 18 May 2022
Accepted: 20 May 2022
Published: 04 June 2022
© Tsinghua University Press 2022
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