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Research Article

Negatively charged insulated boron nitride nanofibers directing subsurface zinc deposition for dendrite-free zinc anodes

Qianqian Song1, Jianli Liang2, Si Liu1, Yunting Zhang1, Jian Zhu1, Changbao Zhu1( )
State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable Devices, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
Department of Chemistry & Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
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Graphical Abstract

Boron nitride nanofibers (BNNFs) artificial interface layer for aqueous zinc-ion batteries anode is designed and constructed to suppress the growth of Zn dendrite. The unique characteristics of BNNFs include non-conductivity, negatively charged surface, porosity, and compact arrangement are favorable to the position-selected and uniform Zn deposition by self-concentrating and pumping features and shunt effect.

Abstract

The practical application of aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) is limited by the growth of dendrite during cycling. How to rationally design and construct an efficient artificial interface layer by selecting suitable building units to control the dendrite growth is still a challenge. Herein, a porous boron nitride nanofibers (BNNFs) artificial interface layer was constructed, and its working mechanisms were revealed by both experiments (electrochemical characterization and in-situ optical microscope) and theoretical calculations (density functional theory (DFT) and finite element simulation). The insulated BNNFs layer leads to position-selected electroplating between BNNFs layer and Zn foil. The unique negatively charged surface and porosity of BNNFs contribute to the self-concentrating and pumping features of Zn ions, thus suppressing the concentration polarization on the Zn surface. Additionally, densely arranged porous BNNFs have a shunt effect on Zn ions diffusion, resulting in uniform distributions of Zn ions and electric field. The introduced BNNFs layer not only makes Zn deposition uniform but also restrains the dendrite growth, therefore the Zn+BNNFs symmetric cells perform ultralong stable cycling for 1,600 h at 1 mA·cm–2 and more than 500 h at 10 mA·cm–2. Moreover, Zn+BNNFs || CNT/MnO2 battery presents a high initial capacity of 293.6 mAh·g–1 and an excellent retention rate of 97.6% at 1 A·g–1 after 400 cycles, while Zn || CNT/MnO2 battery only maintains 37.1% discharge capacity. This artificial interface layer with negatively charged BNNFs exhibits excellent dendrite-inhibit and may have enormous prospects in other metal batteries.

Keywords

boron nitride nanofiberdendrite-free Zn anodesZn ion batteryartificial interface layernegatively charged

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Nano Research
Volume 16 Issue 1,
January 2023
Pages 403-410
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-022-4619-5
Cite this article:
Song Q, Liang J, Liu S, et al. Negatively charged insulated boron nitride nanofibers directing subsurface zinc deposition for dendrite-free zinc anodes. Nano Research, 2023, 16(1): 403-410. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-022-4619-5
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Received: 05 May 2022
Revised: 21 May 2022
Accepted: 01 June 2022
Published: 15 June 2022
© Tsinghua University Press 2022
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