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Research Article

Surface group directed low-temperature synthesis and self-assembly of Al nanostructures for lithium storage

Xianglong Kong1,§, Zhi Li1,§, Xudong Zhao1,§, Shunpeng Chen2, Zhuoyan Wu3, Fei He1( ), Piaoping Yang1, Xinghua Chang4, Xingguo Li2, Zhiliang Liu1( ), Jie Zheng2( )
College of Material Sciences and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
Comprehensive Energy Research Center, Institute of Science and Technology, China Three Gorges Corporation, Beijing 100038, China
Key Laboratory for Mineral Materials and Application of Hunan Province, School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China

§ Xianglong Kong, Zhi Li, and Xudong Zhao contributed equally to this work.

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Graphical Abstract

A surface group directed self-assembly method is established to controllably synthesize zero-dimensional (0D)-over-one-dimensional (1D) Al@CFs nanostructure for superior lithium storage at a very low temperature of 70 ºC, significantly mildening the preparation of Al-based nanomaterials and contributing to new high-value applications of the earth-abundant Al resource.

Abstract

Nanostructured aluminum recently delivers a variety of new applications of the earth-abundant Al resource due to the unique properties, but its controllable synthesis remains very challenging with harsh conditions and spontaneously flammable precursors. Herein, a surface group directed method is developed to efficiently achieve low-temperature synthesis and self-assembly of zero-dimensional (0D) Al nanocrystals over one-dimensional (1D) carbon fibers (Al@CFs) through non-flammable AlCl3 reduction at 70 °C. Theoretical calculations unveil surface ‒OLi groups of carbon fibers exert efficient binding effect to AlCl3, which guides intimate adsorption and in-situ self-assembly of the generated Al nanocrystals. The distinctive 0D-over-1D Al@CFs provides long 1D conductive networks for electron transfer, ultrafine 0D Al nanocrystals for fast lithiation and excellent buffering effect for volume change, thus exhibiting high structure stability and superior lithium storage performance. This work paves the way for mild and controllable synthesis of Al-based nanomaterials for new high-value applications.

Keywords

Al nanostructurelow-temperature synthesisself-assemblysurface grouplithium storage

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Nano Research
Volume 16 Issue 1,
January 2023
Pages 1733-1739
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-022-4776-6
Cite this article:
Kong X, Li Z, Zhao X, et al. Surface group directed low-temperature synthesis and self-assembly of Al nanostructures for lithium storage. Nano Research, 2023, 16(1): 1733-1739. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-022-4776-6
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Received: 12 May 2022
Revised: 13 July 2022
Accepted: 14 July 2022
Published: 10 August 2022
© Tsinghua University Press 2022
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