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Research Article

The mechanism of dentine hypersensitivity: Stimuli-induced directional cation transport through dentinal tubules

Nuo Chen1,§, Jingjing Deng1,§, Shengjie Jiang1,§, Xiang-Yu Kong3,§, Teng Zhou4,§, Kai Zhao1, Zuohui Xiao1, Huimin Zheng1, Weipeng Chen3, Congcong Zhu3,5, Xinyu Liu1,2, Liping Wen3,5, Yan Wei1( ), Xuliang Deng1 ( ), Lei Jiang3,5
Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
Mechanical and Electrical Engineering College, Hainan University, Hainan 570228, China
School of Future Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

§ Nuo Chen, Jingjing Deng, Shengjie Jiang, Xiang-Yu Kong, and Teng Zhou contributed equally to this work.

Show Author Information

Graphical Abstract

We demonstrate that the directional cation transportion through the dentinal tubules is actually the mechanism of dentine hypersensitivity. Our results indicate that the external stimuli applied on dentin surface are well converted to cation currents through dentinal tubules, which downstream excite pulp nerves appropriately to dominate dentine hypersensitivity.

Abstract

Dentine hypersensitivity is an annoying worldwide disease, yet its mechanism remains unclear. The long-used hydrodynamic theory, a stimuli-induced fluid-flow process, describes the pain processes. However, no experimental evidence supports the statements. Here, we demonstrate that stimuli-induced directional cation transport, rather than fluid-flow, through dentinal tubules actually leads to dentine hypersensitivity. The in vitro/in vivo electro-chemical and electro-neurophysiological approaches reveal the cation current through the nanoconfined negatively charged dentinal tubules coming from external stimuli (pressure, pH, and temperature) on dentin surface and further triggering the nerve impulses causing the dentine hypersensitivity. Furthermore, the cationic-hydrogels blocked dentinal tubules could significantly reduce the stimuli-triggered nerve action potentials and the anion-hydrogels counterpart enhances those, supporting the cation-flow transducing dentine hypersensitivity. Therefore, the inspired ion-blocking desensitizing therapies have achieved remarkable pain relief in clinical applications. The proposed mechanism would enrich the basic knowledge of dentistry and further foster breakthrough initiatives in hypersensitivity mitigation and cure.

Keywords

dentine hypersensitivitycation transportdentinal tubulesIonic-current-rectification

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Nano Research
Volume 16 Issue 1,
January 2023
Pages 991-998
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-022-4830-4
Cite this article:
Chen N, Deng J, Jiang S, et al. The mechanism of dentine hypersensitivity: Stimuli-induced directional cation transport through dentinal tubules. Nano Research, 2023, 16(1): 991-998. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-022-4830-4
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Received: 15 July 2022
Revised: 27 July 2022
Accepted: 27 July 2022
Published: 12 September 2022
© Tsinghua University Press 2022
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