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Research Article

The sulfolane-based liquid electrolyte with LiClO4 additive for the wide-temperature operating high nickel ternary cathode

Yixin Zhu1, Shuang He1, Jiayi Ding1, Guangyu Zhao2, Fang Lian1( )
School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
University of New South Wales, Pontypridd, CF37 1DL, UK
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Graphical Abstract

The introduction of LiClO4 additive further strengthens the Li+–TFSI− interaction in the solvation sheath structure and fundamentally regulates the interfacial reaction. Therefore, the sulfolane-based electrolyte has been achieved with high-voltage stability over wide operating temperature between −60 and 55 °C for the high nickel tannery cathode.

Abstract

An adequate wide temperature electrolyte for high nickel ternary cathode is urgent to further develop high energy density batteries. Herein, a comprehensive double-salt local high-concentration sulfolane-based electrolyte (DLi) is proposed with specific sheath structure to build stable interface on the LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM811) cathode at wide operating temperature between −60 and 55 °C. Lithium perchlorate (LiClO4) in combination with high concentration lithium bis-(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide (LiTFSI) strengthens the internal interaction between anion and cation in the solvation structure, increasing Li+ transference number of the electrolyte to 0.61. Moreover, the structure and component characteristics of the passive interface layer on NCM811 are modulated, decreasing desolvation energy of Li+ ions, benefiting Li+ transport dynamics especially at low temperature, and also ensuring the interfacial stability at a wide operating temperature range. As a result, the cathode with DLi exhibits excellent high-temperature storage performance and high capacity retention of 80.5% in 100 cycles at 55 °C. Meanwhile, the Li||NCM811 cells can deliver high discharge capacity of 160.1, 136.1, and 110.3 mAh·g−1 under current density of 0.1 C at −20, −40, and −60 °C, maintaining 84.5%, 71.8%, and 58.2% of the discharge capacity at 30 °C, respectively. Moreover, it enables NCM811 cathode to achieve a reversible capacity of 142.8 mAh·g−1 in 200 cycles at −20 °C and 0.2 C. Our studies shed light on the molecular strategy of wide operational temperature electrolyte for high nickel ternary cathode.

Keywords

liquid electrolytehigh nickel ternary cathodewide temperatureinterfacesheath structure

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Nano Research
Volume 16 Issue 3,
March 2023
Pages 3855-3863
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-022-4852-y
Cite this article:
Zhu Y, He S, Ding J, et al. The sulfolane-based liquid electrolyte with LiClO4 additive for the wide-temperature operating high nickel ternary cathode. Nano Research, 2023, 16(3): 3855-3863. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-022-4852-y
Topics:
Electric energy storageLithium batteries
Part of a topical collection:
Women’s Special Issue: Nanomaterials: Preparation, Applications, and ChallengesWomen’s special issuse in nanomaterials

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Received: 04 June 2022
Revised: 20 July 2022
Accepted: 01 August 2022
Published: 12 September 2022
© Tsinghua University Press 2022
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