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Research Article

The sulfolane-based liquid electrolyte with LiClO4 additive for the wide-temperature operating high nickel ternary cathode

Yixin Zhu1, Shuang He1, Jiayi Ding1, Guangyu Zhao2, Fang Lian1()
School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
University of New South Wales, Pontypridd, CF37 1DL, UK
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The introduction of LiClO4 additive further strengthens the Li+–TFSI− interaction in the solvation sheath structure and fundamentally regulates the interfacial reaction. Therefore, the sulfolane-based electrolyte has been achieved with high-voltage stability over wide operating temperature between −60 and 55 °C for the high nickel tannery cathode.

Abstract

An adequate wide temperature electrolyte for high nickel ternary cathode is urgent to further develop high energy density batteries. Herein, a comprehensive double-salt local high-concentration sulfolane-based electrolyte (DLi) is proposed with specific sheath structure to build stable interface on the LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM811) cathode at wide operating temperature between −60 and 55 °C. Lithium perchlorate (LiClO4) in combination with high concentration lithium bis-(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide (LiTFSI) strengthens the internal interaction between anion and cation in the solvation structure, increasing Li+ transference number of the electrolyte to 0.61. Moreover, the structure and component characteristics of the passive interface layer on NCM811 are modulated, decreasing desolvation energy of Li+ ions, benefiting Li+ transport dynamics especially at low temperature, and also ensuring the interfacial stability at a wide operating temperature range. As a result, the cathode with DLi exhibits excellent high-temperature storage performance and high capacity retention of 80.5% in 100 cycles at 55 °C. Meanwhile, the Li||NCM811 cells can deliver high discharge capacity of 160.1, 136.1, and 110.3 mAh·g−1 under current density of 0.1 C at −20, −40, and −60 °C, maintaining 84.5%, 71.8%, and 58.2% of the discharge capacity at 30 °C, respectively. Moreover, it enables NCM811 cathode to achieve a reversible capacity of 142.8 mAh·g−1 in 200 cycles at −20 °C and 0.2 C. Our studies shed light on the molecular strategy of wide operational temperature electrolyte for high nickel ternary cathode.

Keywords

liquid electrolytehigh nickel ternary cathodewide temperatureinterfacesheath structure

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Nano Research
Volume 16 Issue 3,
March 2023
Pages 3855-3863
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-022-4852-y
Cite this article:
Zhu Y, He S, Ding J, et al. The sulfolane-based liquid electrolyte with LiClO4 additive for the wide-temperature operating high nickel ternary cathode. Nano Research, 2023, 16(3): 3855-3863. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-022-4852-y
Topics:
Electric energy storageLithium batteries
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