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Research Article

Plasmonic polydopamine-modified TiO2 nanotube substrates for surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging

Dong Chen1,§, Mingyi Du1,§, Yudi Huang1, Yizhu Xu1, Yingying Chen1, Lianlian Ma1, Qingrong Xie1, Xinhai Zhu3, Zilong Chen3, Hanhong Xu1( ), Xinzhou Wu1( ), Zhibin Yin2( )
State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources and Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology of the Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
Instrumental Analysis and Research Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China

§ Dong Chen and Mingyi Du contributed equally to this work.

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Graphical Abstract

A composite substrate, hydrophobic polydopamine-modified TiO2 nanotube coated with plasmonic gold nanoparticle (AuNP-hPDA-TDNT), is developed as the surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization (SALDI) substrate for dual-polarity detection of small-molecule metabolites and imprinting/tissue imaging, which is expected to expedite researches in nanomaterial development and life science.

Abstract

Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) has made the spatio-chemical characterization of a broad range of small-molecule metabolites within biological tissues possible. However, available matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) suffers from severe background interferences in low-mass ranges and inhomogeneous matrix deposition. Thus, surface-assisted LDI-MS (SALDI-MS) has been an attractive alternative for high-sensitivity detection and imaging of small biomolecules. In this study, we construct a new composite substrate, hydrophobic polydopamine (hPDA)-modified TiO2 nanotube (TDNT) coated with plasmonic gold nanoparticle (AuNP-hPDA-TDNT), as a dual-polarity SALDI substrate using an easy and cost-effective fabrication approach. Benefitting from the synergistic effects of TDNT semiconductor and plasmonic PDA modification, this SALDI substrate exhibits superior performance for dual-polarity detection of a vast diversity of small molecules. Highly reduced background interferences, lower detection limits, and spot-to-spot repeatability can be achieved using AuNP-hPDA-TDNT substrates. Due to its unique imprinting performance, various metabolites and lipids can be visualized within jatropha integerrima petals, ginkgo leaves, strawberry fruits, and latent fingerprints. More valuably, the universality of this matrix-free substrate is demonstrated for mapping spatial distribution of lipids within mouse brain tissue sections. Considered together, this AuNP-hPDA-TDNT material is expected to be a promising SALDI substrate in various fields, especially in nanomaterial development and life sciences.

Keywords

TiO2 nanotubesurface-assisted laser desorption/ionization (SALDI)mass spectrometry imaginglatent fingerprinttissue imaging

Electronic Supplementary Material

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Nano Research
Volume 16 Issue 2,
February 2023
Pages 3028-3039
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-022-4924-z
Cite this article:
Chen D, Du M, Huang Y, et al. Plasmonic polydopamine-modified TiO2 nanotube substrates for surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging. Nano Research, 2023, 16(2): 3028-3039. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-022-4924-z
Topics:
Imaging techniqueMass spectrometryMolecular imaging

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Received: 10 July 2022
Revised: 11 August 2022
Accepted: 15 August 2022
Published: 26 August 2022
© Tsinghua University Press 2022
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