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Research Article

Multilayered organic semiconductors for high performance optoelectronic stimulation of cells

Aleksandr Markov1,5( )Alexander Gerasimenko1,2Annie-Kermen Boromangnaeva1Sofia Shashova1Elena Iusupovskaia1Ulyana Kurilova2,5Vita Nikitina3Irina Suetina4Marina Mezentseva4Mikhail Savelyev2,6Peter Timashev5,6,7Dmitry Telyshev1,2Xing-Jie Liang6,8,9
Institute for Bionic Technologies and Engineering, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119991, Russia
Institute of Biomedical Systems, National Research University of Electronic Technology, Zelenograd, Moscow 124498, Russia
Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1/3, Moscow 119991, Russia
Ivanovsky Institute of Virology, N. F. Gamaleya National Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Moscow 123098, Russia
World-Class Research Center “Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare”, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119991, Russia
Laboratory of Clinical Smart Nanotechnologies, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119991, Russia
Institute for Regenerative Medicine, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119991, Russia
CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Graphical Abstract

In this work we represent new studies and results on effective wireless optoelectronic stimulation of fibroblasts and neuroblasts. For this purpose, we developed biocompatible ultrathin (~ 200–500 nm of thickness) tandem organic semiconductor devices that function under deep red light pulses with safe light intensities, one hundred times below the safe ocular limit at 625 nm.

Abstract

The efficiency of devices for bioelectronic applications, including cell and tissue stimulation, is heavily dependent on the scale and the performance level. With miniaturization of stimulation electrodes, achieving a sufficiently high current pulse to elicit action potentials becomes an issue. Herein we report on our approach of vertically stacking organic p-n junctions to create highly-efficient multilayered organic semiconductor (MOS) photostimulation device. A tandem arrangement substantially increases the photovoltage and charge density without sacrificing lateral area, while not exceeding 200–500 nm of thickness. These devices generate 4 times higher voltages and at least double the charge densities over single p-n junction devices, which allow using lower light intensities for stimulation. MOS devices show an outstanding stability in the electrolyte that is extremely important for forthcoming in vivo experiments. Finally, we have validated MOS devices performance by photostimulating fibroblasts and neuroblasts, and found that using tandem devices leads to more effective action potential generation. As a result, we obtained up to 4 times enhanced effect in cell growth density using 3 p-n layered devices. These results corroborate the conclusion that MOS technology not only can achieve parity with state-of-the-art silicon devices, but also can exceed them in miniaturization and performance for biomedical applications.

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Nano Research
Pages 5809-5816
Cite this article:
Markov A, Gerasimenko A, Boromangnaeva A-K, et al. Multilayered organic semiconductors for high performance optoelectronic stimulation of cells. Nano Research, 2023, 16(4): 5809-5816. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-022-5130-8
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Received: 11 July 2022
Revised: 28 September 2022
Accepted: 02 October 2022
Published: 13 December 2022
© Tsinghua University Press 2022
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