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Research Article

Engineering miniature gold nanorods with tailorable plasmonic wavelength in NIR region via ternary surfactants mediated growth

Xiaoning Luo1, Xiaoyuan Wang1, Lingli Zhang1, Liping Song1,2( ), Zhiwei Sun1, Yu Zhao1, Fengmei Su3, Youju Huang1( )
College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Anhui Provincial Engineering, Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Film, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
National Engineering Research Centre for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
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Graphical Abstract

The preparation of mini-gold nanorods with controllable aspect ratio from 2.0 to 7.32 and tailorable absorption spectrum from 700 to 1,147 nm can be achieved via the synergism of ternary surfactants system. The interaction between ternary surfactant molecules can efficiently improve the micellar stacking parameters (p) and lower micellar free energy (F), and further facilitates the controllable micelle transformation for achieving mini-Au nanorods (NRs) with high yield.

Abstract

Plasmonic nanoparticles are endowed profound capability for sensing, biomedicine, and cancer therapy. However, the inaccessibly adjustable wavelength in near infrared (NIR) region window and size limit for the particles penetration in tumor strongly hinder their developments. Miniature gold nanorods (mini-Au NRs) with diameter less than 12 nm can effectively address this challenge due to the tiny size and tailorable NIR absorption. Herein, we adopt ternary surfactants (hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB), sodium oleate (NaOL), and sodium salicylate (NaSal)) mediated growth strategy to precisely synthesize miniature Au NRs under micelle space-confinement. Importantly, the selectively dense accumulation of ternary surfactants can efficiently improve the micellar stacking parameters (p) and lower micellar free energy (F), further tends to achieve the formation of Au NRs with tiny diameter and high purity. Compared with that of conventional methods, the purity of mini-Au NRs up to 100% can be dramatically improved via varying the relative concentration of ternary surfactants. The diameter of Au NRs can be dynamically controlled to 6, 8, and 11 nm through regulating the concentration of silver nitrate and the mole ratio of ternary surfactants. Such ternary surfactants system is favorable for the aging of tiny Au NRs, and further enables the aspect ratio-tunable in the region from 2.70 to 7.32, as well as tailorable plasmonic wavelength in wide NIR window from 700 to 1,147 nm. Therefore, our findings shed a light on the precise preparation of small sized plasmonic nanoparticles and pave the way to applications in biomedicine, imaging, and cancer therapy.

Keywords

miniature gold nanorodsternary surfactantsseed mediated growth methodnear infrared (NIR) regionphotothermal

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Nano Research
Volume 16 Issue 4,
April 2023
Pages 5087-5097
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-022-5214-5
Cite this article:
Luo X, Wang X, Zhang L, et al. Engineering miniature gold nanorods with tailorable plasmonic wavelength in NIR region via ternary surfactants mediated growth. Nano Research, 2023, 16(4): 5087-5097. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-022-5214-5
Topics:
Nanostructured materials

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Received: 08 September 2022
Revised: 16 October 2022
Accepted: 17 October 2022
Published: 06 December 2022
© Tsinghua University Press 2022
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