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Research Article

Biocompatible carbon nitride quantum dots nanozymes with high nitrogen vacancies enhance peroxidase-like activity for broad-spectrum antibacterial

Xiaohui Dai1, Huan Liu1, Wenxiao Du1, Jie Su1, Lingshuai Kong1, Shouqing Ni2, Jinhua Zhan1,3( )
Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
Institute of Eco-Environmental Forensics, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
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Graphical Abstract

The introduction of nitrogen vacancies (N-(C)2) increased the local electrons of adjacent carbon atoms, which was more conducive to the activation of H2O2 to ·OH, and finally improved the antibacterial activity of carbon nitride quantum dots (CNQDs).

Abstract

Nanozyme antibacterial agents with high enzyme-like catalytic activity and strong bacteria-binding ability have provided an alternative method to efficiently disinfect drug-resistance microorganism. Herein, the carbon nitride quantum dots (CNQDs) nanozymes with high nitrogen vacancies (NVs) were mass-productively prepared by a simple ultrasonic-crushing method assisted by propylene glycol. It was found that the NVs of CNQDs were stemmed from the selective breaking of surface N-(C)2 sites, accounting for 6.2%. Experiments and density functional theory (DFT) simulations have demonstrated that the presence of NVs can alter the local electron distribution and extend the π-electron delocalization to enhance the peroxidase-like activity. Biocompatible CNQDs could enter inside microorganisms by diffusion and elevate the bacteria-binding ability, which enhanced the accurate and rapid attack of ·OH to the microorganisms. The sterilization rate of CNQDs against Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli), Gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus, B. subtilis), and fungi (R. solani) reaches more than 99%. Thus, this work showed great potential for engineered nanozymes for broad-spectrum antibacterial in biomedicine and environmental protection.

Keywords

carbon nitride quantum dots (CNQDs)nitrogen vacancies (NVs)peroxidase-like activitybiocompatiblebroad-spectrum antibacterial

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Nano Research
Volume 16 Issue 5,
May 2023
Pages 7237-7247
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-022-5367-2
Cite this article:
Dai X, Liu H, Du W, et al. Biocompatible carbon nitride quantum dots nanozymes with high nitrogen vacancies enhance peroxidase-like activity for broad-spectrum antibacterial. Nano Research, 2023, 16(5): 7237-7247. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-022-5367-2
Topics:
BactericidesCarbonEnzymesNanocatalysts

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Received: 14 October 2022
Revised: 11 November 2022
Accepted: 27 November 2022
Published: 14 February 2023
© Tsinghua University Press 2022
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