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Research Article

FeCo alloy/N, S co-doped carbon aerogel derived from directional-casting cellulose nanofibers for rechargeable liquid flow and flexible Zn–air batteries

Yiwen Zhang1,§, Xifeng Zhang1,§, Yuting Li1, Juan Wang1( ), Sibudjing Kawi2( ), Qin Zhong1( )
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117582, Singapore

§ Yiwen Zhang and Xifeng Zhang contributed equally to this work.

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Graphical Abstract

In this work, we have carried out a novel directional casting strategy to prepare the dispersed FeCo alloy doped with the cellulose-derived N, S dual-doped carbon aerogel with a honeycomb-like porous structure (NSCA/FeCo), which is used as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for rechargeable flow and flexible Zn–air batteries (ZABs).

Abstract

Bifunctional oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts with the advantages of excellent activity and stability are the vital components of air cathodes for rechargeable Zn–air batteries (ZABs). Herein, the carbon aerogel with honeycomb-like structure, N and S double doping and loaded with FeCo alloy nanoparticles (NSCA/FeCo) was prepared successfully as cathodes for rechargeable liquid flow and two-dimensional flexible ZABs by clever directional casting. The interaction between the bimetallic alloy and the double-doped carbon with specifical structure, large surface, and great conductivity endows NSCA/FeCo with effective ORR/OER active sites and small charge/mass transport barrier, thus achieving outstanding bifunctional catalytic performance. The NSCA/FeCo displays a half-wave potential of +0.85 V (vs. reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE)) for ORR and an overpotential of 335 mV at a current density of 10 mA·cm−2 for OER, which is even comparable to the performance of noble-metal catalysts in relevant fields (Pt/C for ORR and RuO2 for OER). Consequently, the rechargeable liquid flow ZABs assembled with NSCA/FeCo showed excellent performance (maximum power density: 132.0 mW·cm−2, specific capacity: 804.5 Wh·kg−1 at 10 mA·cm−2, charge and discharge cycle stability of more than 250 cycles). Furthermore, the flexible NSCA/FeCo-based ZABs have a maximum power density of 43.0 mW·cm−2, outstanding charging–discharge stability of more than 450 cycles, and exhibit good flexibility under different bending conditions. Therefore, this work has provided an efficient bifunctional electrocatalyst for OER/ORR and a promising strategy of air cathodes for rechargeable and wearable ZABs.

Keywords

carbon aerogelbifunctional electrocatalystFeCo alloydirectional freeze-castingrechargeable zinc–air batteriesflexible batteries

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Nano Research
Volume 16 Issue 5,
May 2023
Pages 6870-6880
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-023-5409-4
Cite this article:
Zhang Y, Zhang X, Li Y, et al. FeCo alloy/N, S co-doped carbon aerogel derived from directional-casting cellulose nanofibers for rechargeable liquid flow and flexible Zn–air batteries. Nano Research, 2023, 16(5): 6870-6880. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-023-5409-4
Topics:
AerogelsAir batteriesOxygen evolution reactionOxygen reduction reaction
Part of a topical collection:
Accelerating clean energy innovations via nanotechnology toward achieving circular economy

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Received: 16 October 2022
Revised: 10 December 2022
Accepted: 13 December 2022
Published: 08 February 2023
© Tsinghua University Press 2023
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