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Research Article

A high-concentrated and nonflammable electrolyte for potassium ion-based dual-graphite batteries

Kexin Li1,2,§, Guiyou Ma1,§, Dandan Yu1( ), Wen Luo1, Jiaxin Li1, Laishun Qin1( ), Yuexiang Huang1, Da Chen1( )
College of Materials and Chemistry, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
Liangxin College, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China

§ Kexin Li and Guiyou Ma contributed equally to this work.

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Graphical Abstract

With the assistance of binder engineering, a high-safety and low-cost dual-ion battery was constructed by using the high-concentrated phosphate-based electrolyte and graphite as both the anode and cathode.

Abstract

Potassium ion-based dual-graphite batteries (KDGBs) emerge as promising devices for large-scale applications due to their high voltage, low cost, and environmental friendliness. However, conventional KPF6/carbonate-based electrolytes suffer from severe oxidation decomposition, low concentration, and flammability, which limit the capacity and cyclability of KDGBs. Herein, a nonflammable potassium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide/triethyl phosphate (KFSI/TEP) electrolyte was designed for KDGBs. When the salt-to-solvent molar ratio increases to 1:1.3, graphite cathode operated at the cut-off potential of 5.2 V exhibits much enhanced capacity, excellent rate capability (26.4 mAh∙g−1 at 1.0 A∙g−1), and superior cyclability with 98% capacity retention after 350 cycles. Inorganic compounds-rich electrode/electrolyte interphase layers derived from the preferential decomposition of FSI− anions ensure good compatibility of the 1:1.3 KFSI/TEP electrolyte with K metal and graphite anodes. Based on this electrolyte, as-assembled KDGBs show high operation voltage of 4.3 V and good cycling performance. This work provides feasibility for developing long-life and safe-operation DGBs.

Keywords

dual-ion batteriesgraphitehigh voltagehigh-concentrated electrolytesphosphates

Electronic Supplementary Material

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Nano Research
Volume 16 Issue 5,
May 2023
Pages 6353-6360
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-023-5438-z
Cite this article:
Li K, Ma G, Yu D, et al. A high-concentrated and nonflammable electrolyte for potassium ion-based dual-graphite batteries. Nano Research, 2023, 16(5): 6353-6360. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-023-5438-z
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Received: 25 October 2022
Revised: 05 December 2022
Accepted: 21 December 2022
Published: 16 January 2023
© Tsinghua University Press 2023
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