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Research Article

Fish scale-derived scaffolds with MSCs loading for photothermal therapy of bone defect

Siyu Shen1,2Rui Liu3Chuanhui Song3Tao Shen1,2Yiwen Zhou4Junxia Guo5Bin Kong6( )Qing Jiang1,2( )
State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Nanjing 210008, China
The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
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Graphical Abstract

We developed a new scaffold with fish scale and fish gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) for bone repair, which could promote mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) proliferation and osteogenesis with low immunological rejection. The scaffold could accelerate bone regeneration with black phosphorus nanosheets under the near-infrared light.

Abstract

Tissue engineering scaffolds have presented effective value in bone repair. However, the integration of the diverse components, complex structures, and multifunction to impart the scaffolds with improved applicability is still a challenge. Here, we propose a novel fish-derived scaffold combined with photothermal therapy and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to promote bone regeneration. The fish-derived scaffold is composed of the decellularized fish scale and gelatin methacrylate synthesized from fish gelatin (fGelMA), which can promote the proliferation and osteogenesis of MSCs with no obvious immunological rejection. Furthermore, the black phosphorus (BP) nanosheets are incorporated into the fGelMA hydrogel network, which can endow the hydrogel with the capacity of photothermal conversion stimulated by near-infrared (NIR) light. The fish-derived scaffold can promote the osteogenesis process of MSCs with higher expression of osteogenic markers and higher mineralization assisted by the NIR light in vitro. The regeneration of mice calvarial defect has also been accelerated by the scaffold with photothermal therapy and MSCs. These results suggest that the fish-derived scaffold, photothermal therapy, and MSCs-based regenerative therapy is a promising clinical strategy in bone regeneration.

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Nano Research
Pages 7383-7392
Cite this article:
Shen S, Liu R, Song C, et al. Fish scale-derived scaffolds with MSCs loading for photothermal therapy of bone defect. Nano Research, 2023, 16(5): 7383-7392. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-023-5460-1
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Received: 09 October 2022
Revised: 24 December 2022
Accepted: 01 January 2023
Published: 22 February 2023
© Tsinghua University Press 2023
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