Highly active and durable triple conducting composite air electrode for low-temperature protonic ceramic fuel cells

Qi Huang; Shanshan Jiang; Yujia Wang; Jingjing Jiang; Yubo Chen; Jiahuan Xu; Hao Qiu; Chao Su; Daifen Chen

doi:10.1007/s12274-023-5531-3

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Research Article

Highly active and durable triple conducting composite air electrode for low-temperature protonic ceramic fuel cells

Qi Huang^{¹^,^§}, Shanshan Jiang^{¹^,^§}(

), Yujia Wang^¹, Jingjing Jiang^²(

), Yubo Chen^³, Jiahuan Xu^⁴, Hao Qiu^¹, Chao Su^¹, Daifen Chen^¹(

)

1School of Energy and Power, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China

2Institute of Analysis and Testing, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology (Beijing Center for Physical and Chemical Analysis), Beijing 100089, China

3School of Material Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore

4School of Science, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China

^§ Qi Huang and Shanshan Jiang contributed equally to this work.

Show Author Information

Graphical Abstract

Herein, we report a durable and high-performance triple conducting composite, serving as an air electrode for low-temperature protonic ceramic fuel cells. Through the simple composition tuning, we achieve cobalt-containing cathode with outstanding CO₂ tolerance, extremely low TEC values (15.96 × 10⁻⁶ K⁻¹), superior ORR activity, boosting output power performance, and exceeding durability.

Abstract

Protonic ceramic fuel cells (PCFCs) are more suitable for operation at low temperatures due to their smaller activation energy (E_a). Unfortunately, the utilization of PCFC technology at reduced temperatures is limited by the lack of durable and high-activity air electrodes. A lot number of cobalt-based oxides have been developed as air electrodes for PCFCs, due to their high oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity. However, cobalt-based oxides usually have more significant thermal expansion coefficients (TECs) and poor thermomechanical compatibility with electrolytes. These characteristics can lead to cell delamination and degradation. Herein, we rationally design a novel cobalt-containing composite cathode material with the nominal composition of Sr₄Fe₄Co₂O_13+δ (SFC). SFC is composed of tetragonal perovskite phase (Sr₈Fe₈O_23+δ, I4/mmm, 81 wt.%) and spinel phase (Co₃O₄, $F d \bar{3} m$ , 19 wt.%). The SFC composite cathode displays an ultra-high oxygen ionic conductivity (0.053 S·cm⁻¹ at 550 °C), superior CO₂ tolerance, and suitable TEC value (17.01 × 10⁻⁶ K⁻¹). SFC has both the O²⁻/e⁻ conduction function, and the triple conducting (H⁺/O²⁻/e⁻) capability was achieved by introducing the protonic conduction phase (BaZr_0.2Ce_0.7Y_0.1O_3−δ, BZCY) to form SFC+BZCY (70 wt.%:30 wt.%). The SFC+BZCY composite electrode exhibits superior ORR activity at a reduced temperature with extremely low area-specific resistance (ASR, 0.677 Ω·cm² at 550 °C), profound peak power density (PPD, 535 mW·cm⁻² and 1.065 V at 550 °C), extraordinarily long-term durability (> 500 h for symmetrical cell and 350 h for single cell). Moreover, the composite has an ultra-low TEC value (15.96 × 10⁻⁶ K⁻¹). This study proves that SFC+BZCY with triple conducting capacity is an excellent cathode for low-temperature PCFCs.

Keywords

spinel oxide triple-conducting protonic ceramic fuel cells composition tuning

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Nano Research

Volume 16 Issue 7,
July 2023

Pages 9280-9288

DOI: 10.1007/s12274-023-5531-3

Cite this article:

Huang Q, Jiang S, Wang Y, et al. Highly active and durable triple conducting composite air electrode for low-temperature protonic ceramic fuel cells. Nano Research, 2023, 16(7): 9280-9288. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-023-5531-3

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Received: 03 December 2022

Revised: 22 January 2023

Accepted: 25 January 2023

Published: 22 February 2023