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Research Article

Promoting polysulfide conversions via cobalt single-atom catalyst for fast and durable lithium-sulfur batteries

Ziwei Wang1, Yuwen Cheng1, Shanying Wang1, Jie Xu1(), Bo Peng1, Dan Luo2(), Lianbo Ma1,3()
Key Laboratory of Green Fabrication and Surface Technology of Advanced Metal Materials & School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan 243002, China
School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong 999077, China
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A cobalt single-atom (CoSA) catalyst comprising of atomic Co distributed homogeneously within nitrogen (N)-doped porous carbon (Co-NPC) nanosphere is constructed and utilized as a separator coating in Li-S batteries.

Abstract

Although promising strategies have been developed to resolve the critical drawbacks of lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries, the intractable issues including undesirable shuttling of polysulfides and sluggish redox reaction kinetics have still been unresolved thoroughly. Herein, a cobalt single-atom (CoSA) catalyst comprising of atomic Co distributed homogeneously within nitrogen (N)-doped porous carbon (Co-NPC) nanosphere is constructed and utilized as a separator coating in Li-S batteries. The Co-NPC exposes abundant active sites participating in sulfur redox reactions, and remarkable catalytic activity boosting the rapid polysulfide conversions. As a result, Li-S batteries with Co-NPC coating layer realize significantly enhanced specific capacity (1295 mAh·g−1 at 0.2 C), rate capability (753 mAh·g−1 at 3.0 C), and long-life cyclic stability (601 mAh·g−1 after 500 cycles at 1.0 C). Increasing the areal sulfur loading to 6.2 mg·cm−2, an extremely high areal capacity of 7.92 mAh·cm−2 is achieved. Further in situ X-ray diffraction, density functional theory calculations, and secondary ion mass spectrometry confirm the high catalytic capability of CoSA towards reversible polysulfide conversion. This study supplies new insights for adopting single-atom catalyst to upgrade the electrochemical performance of Li-S batteries.

Keywords

lithium-sulfur batteriespolysulfide shuttlingsluggish redox kineticscobalt single-atom catalystcatalytic capability

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Nano Research
Volume 16 Issue 7,
July 2023
Pages 9335-9343
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-023-5557-6
Cite this article:
Wang Z, Cheng Y, Wang S, et al. Promoting polysulfide conversions via cobalt single-atom catalyst for fast and durable lithium-sulfur batteries. Nano Research, 2023, 16(7): 9335-9343. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-023-5557-6
Topics:
Lithium sulfur batteries
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