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Research Article

3D interlocked all-textile structured triboelectric pressure sensor for accurately measuring epidermal pulse waves in amphibious environments

Shaobo Si1,§, Chenchen Sun1,§, Yufen Wu2, Jingjing Li1, Han Wang1, Yinggang Lin1, Jin Yang1( ), Zhong Lin Wang3,4( )
Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA

§ Shaobo Si and Chenchen Sun contributed equally to this work.

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Graphical Abstract

Based on the principle of gas preparation by acid-base neutralization reaction, an all-in-one preparation process of amphibious conductive yarn (ACY) with a dense porous structure is proposed. On this basis, a high-performance amphibious three-dimensional (3D) fabric is presented for continuous monitoring of epidermal pulses during full-day activities. The adopted innovative ACY with porous structure and 3D interlocking structure can perfectly adapt to complex wrist surfaces and sensitively perceive pressure changes to achieve accurate measurement of weak pulse waveforms in underwater environments.

Abstract

The performance degradation and even damage of the e-textiles caused by sweat, water, or submersion during all-weather health monitoring are the main reasons that e-textiles have not been commercialized and routinized so far. Herein, we developed an amphibious, high-performance, air-permeable, and comfortable all-textile triboelectric sensor for continuous and precise measurement of epidermal pulse waves during full-day activities. Based on the principle of preparing gas by acid-base neutralization reaction, a one-piece preparation process of amphibious conductive yarn (ACY) with densely porous structures is proposed. An innovative three-dimensional (3D) interlocking fabric knitted from ACYs (0.6 mm in diameter) and polytetrafluoroethylene yarns exhibit high sensitivity (0.433 V·kPa−1), wide bandwidth (up to 10 Hz), and stability (> 30,000 cycles). With these benefits, 98.8% agreement was achieved between wrist pulse waves acquired by the sensor and a high-precision laser vibrometer. Furthermore, the polytetrafluoroethylene yarn with good compression resilience provides sufficient mechanical support for the contact separation of the ACYs. Meanwhile, the unique skeletonized design of the 3D interlocking structure can effectively relieve the water pressure on the sensor surface to obtain stable and accurate pulse waves (underwater depth of 5 cm). This achievement represents an important step in improving the practicality of e-textiles and early diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases.

Keywords

triboelectric pressure sensoramphibious fabricinterlocking fabricpulse wave measurementone-piece preparation method

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Nano Research
Volume 17 Issue 3,
March 2024
Pages 1923-1932
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-023-6025-z
Cite this article:
Si S, Sun C, Wu Y, et al. 3D interlocked all-textile structured triboelectric pressure sensor for accurately measuring epidermal pulse waves in amphibious environments. Nano Research, 2024, 17(3): 1923-1932. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-023-6025-z
Topics:
Pressure sensors

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Received: 09 May 2023
Revised: 06 July 2023
Accepted: 19 July 2023
Published: 10 August 2023
© Tsinghua University Press 2023
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