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Research Article

pH- and near-infrared light-responsive, biomimetic hydrogels from aqueous dispersions of carbon nanotubes

Lulin Hu1,2Xinxin Yu3Jingcheng Hao1,4( )Lu Xu1,2( )
Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Advanced Materials and Green Manufacturing, Yantai 264000, China
State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
Yantai Center for Food and Drug Control, Yantai 264000, China
Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry & Key Laboratory of Special Aggregated Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
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Graphical Abstract

biomimetic hydrogel with a reconfigurable network wholly comprising carbon nanotubes carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and water was reported. Its mechanical and tribological properties can be reversibly controlled either by environmental pH changes or spatiotemporally by near-infrared (NIR) light irradiations.

Abstract

Owing to their low flexibility, poor processability and a lack of responsiveness, inorganic materials are usually non-ideal for constructing a living organism. Hence, to date, lifelike materials with structural hierarchies and adaptive properties usually rely on light and soft organic molecules, although few exceptions have been acquired using two-dimensional (2D) inorganic nanosheets. Herein, with a systematic study on the gelation behavior of carbon-based 0D quantum dots, 1D nanotubes, and 3D fullerenes, we find that acidified 1D carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can serve as an alternative building block for fabricating purely inorganic biomimetic soft materials. The as-prepared CNT gels exhibit not only a pH- or photothermal-triggered mechanical and tribological adaptivity, which allows them to simulate the behavior of sea cucumbers, peacock mantis shrimps, and mammalian muscles or cortical bones, but also a unique damping property that is similar to spider’s cuticular pad. Their high elasticity, effective lubrication, excellent biocompatibility, and controllable friction and wear also allow them to function as a new type of smart lubricants, whose tribological properties can be regulated either by its internal pH changes or spatiotemporally by near-infrared (NIR) light irradiations, free of any toxic and flammable base oils or additives.

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Nano Research
Pages 3120-3129
Cite this article:
Hu L, Yu X, Hao J, et al. pH- and near-infrared light-responsive, biomimetic hydrogels from aqueous dispersions of carbon nanotubes. Nano Research, 2024, 17(4): 3120-3129. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-023-6034-y
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Received: 14 May 2023
Revised: 20 July 2023
Accepted: 21 July 2023
Published: 11 August 2023
© Tsinghua University Press 2023
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