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Research Article

Hollow multishelled structural TiN as multi-functional catalytic host for high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries

Wei Xu1,2, Ruyi Bi1,2, Mei Yang1,4, Jiangyan Wang1,3,4( ), Ranbo Yu2( ), Dan Wang1,3,4( )
State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Preparation and Delivery, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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Graphical Abstract

Titanium nitride hollow multishelled structure (TiN HoMS) is developed as sulfur host, which simultaneously improves the conductivity, inhibits the shuttle effect, and catalyzes the redox conversion of sulfur. Consequently, the assembled lithium-sulfur battery delivers a high specific capacity, good rate capability, and long cycle lifespan.

Abstract

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) battery has attracted extensive attention because of its ultrahigh theoretical energy density and low cost. However, its commercialization is seriously hampered by its short cycling life, mainly due to the shuttle of soluble lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) and poor rate capability due to sluggish reaction kinetics. Although significant efforts have been devoted to solving the problems, it is still challenging to simultaneously address all the issues. Herein, titanium nitride hollow multishelled structure (TiN HoMS) sphere is designed as a multi-functional catalytic host for sulfur cathode. TiN, with good conductivity, can effectively catalyze the redox conversion of S and LiPSs, while its surficial oxidation passivation layer can strongly anchor LiPSs. Besides, HoMS enables TiN nanoparticle subunits to expose abundant active sites for anchoring and promoting conversion of LiPSs, while the multiple shells provide physical barriers to restrict the shuttle effect. In addition, HoMS can buffer the volume expansion of sulfur and shorten the charge transport pathway. As a result, the sulfur cathode based on triple-shelled TiN HoMS exhibits an initial specific capacity of 1016 mAh·g−1 at a high sulfur loading of 2.8 mg·cm−2 and maintains 823 mAh·g−1 after 100 cycles. Moreover, it shows a four times higher specific capacity than the one without TiN host at 2 C.

Keywords

lithium-sulfur batteriestitanium nitridehollow multishelled structureshuttle effectrate capability

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Nano Research
Volume 16 Issue 11,
November 2023
Pages 12745-12752
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-023-6144-6
Cite this article:
Xu W, Bi R, Yang M, et al. Hollow multishelled structural TiN as multi-functional catalytic host for high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries. Nano Research, 2023, 16(11): 12745-12752. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-023-6144-6
Topics:
Lithium sulfur batteries

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Received: 06 July 2023
Revised: 30 August 2023
Accepted: 30 August 2023
Published: 03 October 2023
© Tsinghua University Press 2023
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